NaCl stress has reached to its alarming state in the history of various regions of Pakistan. Vegetable production is now a problem in salt affected areas of Pakistan. Especially onion is also sensitive to salt stress. In this way the present study was planned to check the effect of salt stress on different cultivars of onion. It proved a significant effect on the growth and physiology of onion. That ultimately affects the yield.

Excessive accumulation of soluble salts in soil suppresses plant growth and productivity so an efficient and simple screening technique for selection of available okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) genotypes for salt tolerance was executed. Seeds of eight okra genotypes were grown in pot culture under protected environment of lath house. Twenty days old seedlings were exposed to salinity under control, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl. Results revealed that increasing salinity caused reduction in plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weights as well as gas exchange characteristics like photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of okra. Na contents were higher in salt sensitive genotypes as compared to tolerant one. Okra genotypes OH-2324 and OH-597 spectacled best performance in all the measured parameters and grouped under salt tolerant cultivars while OH-152 and OH-809 were aggravated in maintaining normal functioning at higher salinity levels thus proved to be salt sensitive.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a green pod-bearing plant belongs to family leguminosae. Peas are highly rich in protein, manganese, dietary fiber, vitamin C, vitamin K, vitamin B1 and folate. The high amount of vitamin K1 from green peas makes them very important for bone health. Peas are widely grown as a cool season vegetable crop. Pea plants are highly sensitive to the summer heat. Moringa leaf is also a rich source of ascorbates, carotenoids, phenolics, potassium and calcium which have plant growth promoting capabilities and are being applied as exogenous plant growth enhancers. Antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and glutathione, which are found at high concentrations in moringa chloroplasts and other cellular compartments, are crucial for plant defense against oxidative stress. It is therefore hypothesized that leaf extract from moringa, having a number of plant growth promoters, mineral nutrients and vitamins in a naturally balanced composition, which may promote the pea growth and extend its fruit bearing period. This study was conducted to monitor the impact of exogenous application of MLE (moringa leaf extract) on the growth and yield performance of pea.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a starchy, tuberous crop belongs to Solanaceae family (also known as the Nightshades). Potatoes are the world's fourth largest food crop, following rice, wheat, and maize. Genetic testing of the wide variety of cultivars and wild species suggest that the potato has a single origin in the area of southern Peru, from a species Solanum brevicaule complex. Soil health is a crucial factor for obtaining higher yield of vegetable crops. Poor soil health, soil structure, reduced microbial activities may result in deduction in plant growth and yield. To improve soil health, structure, fertility and productivity organic materials such as farm yard manure, compost, sewerage sludge and municipal waste has been used. Chemical fertilizers are also used to obtained sustainable productivity. To feed huge some of population, it is imperative to improve crop productivity with least effect on environment. This could only be achieved by the integration of conventional and non conventional approaches. This study was initiated to monitor the effects of humic acid and hydrogel on growth and yield performance of potato under general field conditions.

Moringa extract is blessed with a variety of vital plant growth substances. These plant growth substances are responsible for different physiological activities in plants. These plant growth substances are endogenously produced in the plant, but foliar application of moringa extract increases endogenous levels of these plant growth substances (Hormone). That ultimately boost the growth and yield of pea.

Fruit production has been the earliest of food sources meeting the needs of human race for centuries. Owing to varied climate under the sun, the fruit production has also got wide range in fruit types, nutritional values and production technologies. Citriculture has emerged as one of the major fruit production industries in the world. Like the other fruits, citrus is known for its versatility in use. It is used as fresh fruit, its peel is used for the extraction of essential oils, pulp in extraction of juices and also along with peel, used to prepare jams, jellies and marmalades. Owing to the ever increasing pressure from population explosion, the need has arisen to improve the crop to meet the demands which have a direct relation with galloping population of the global world of 21st century. In this research, I have been searching for an efficient procedure for callus induction, regenerative ability from different explants in Citrus reticulata Blanco, in order to provide a basis for genetic improvement. I have studied the effects of different growth regulators on callus initiation from different explants and shoot and root development from calli.

Gibberellic acid GA3 is a naturally occurring growth harmone. It hastens the growth by augmenting cell division. Cell division is facilitated by improved cell membrane elasticity by the application of gibberellic acid. Foliar feeding of gibberellic acid is ideal for plants having indeterminate growth habit in which vegetative and reproductive growth runs simultaneously. Okra is such a plant whose yield potential can be improved by foliar application of gibberellic acid. In addition to this gibberellic acid is an endogenously produced growth substance. So its foliar feeding is totally eco-friendly.