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What were the causes of the Iraq War? Who were the main players?
How was the war sold to the decision makers? Despite all that has
been written on the Iraq war the myriad scholarly, journalistic and
polemical works the answers to these questions remain shrouded in
an ideological mist. TheRoad to Iraq is an empirical investigation
that dispels this fog.
Discover how a small but ideologically coherent and socially
cohesive group of determined political agents used the contingency
of 9/11 to overwhelm a sceptical foreign policy establishment,
military brass and intelligence apparatus.
The objective of this work is to use Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic
Method (OHAM), a new semi-analytic approximating technique, for
solving linear and nonlinear initial and boundary value problems.
The semi analytic solutions of nonlinear fourth order, eighth
order, special fourth order and special sixth order boundary-value
problems are computed using OHAM. Successful application of OHAM
for squeezing flow is a major task in this study. This work also
investigates the effectiveness of OHAM formulation for Partial
Differential Equations (Wave Equation and Korteweg de Vries). OHAM
is independent of the free parameter and there is no need of the
initial guess as there is in Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM),
Variational Iteration Method (VIM) and Homotopy Analysis Method
(HAM). OHAM works very well with large domains and provides better
accuracy at lower-order of approximations. Moreover, the
convergence domain can be easily adjusted. The results are compared
with other methods like HPM, VIM and HAM, which reveal that OHAM is
effective, simpler, easier and explicit.
The book in hand provide valuable information on Sugarcane
varieties development/breeding, being an important sugar and cash
crop of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, providing employment
opportunity, gigantic amount of revenue and foreign exchange
savings. Sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L. )"honey without the
help of bees" is one of the important sugar crop of Pakistan. It is
cultivated on 11 m ha every year on the World level, produced 850 m
tons of cane and productivity of 51 metric tons ha-1. In Pakistan
it is grown in three distinct climatic zones i.e. the temperate
Peshawar valley in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Sub tropical Punjab, and
tropical Sindh. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it was grown since the Mogul
period. The book can be an asset for the researchers, planner and
agriculture students. It should in each and every library around
the country.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the most important
Flavivirida infections with significant clinical problems
throughout the world in humans. Six major Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
genotypes and hundreds of subtypes have been identified globally.
All these genotypes are generally studied for epidemiology, their
vaccine development and clinical management. This thesis comments
the frequency distribution of various HCV genotypes circulate in
different areas/districts of Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw Province of
Pakistan. Out of the tested samples, genotype specific PCR
fragments were observed in 299 (74.82%) patient serum samples. The
distribution of genotypes of the typeable samples was as follows: 3
patients (0.72%) each were infected with genotype 1a and genotype
1b; 240 patients (80.26%) of genotype 3a; 25 patients (6.00%)
genotype 3b; and 28 patients (6.73%) were observed as with mixed
genotypic infection. Sums of 116 serum samples (27.88%) were still
found untypeable by the used molecular genotyping system. In
conclusion, HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b are distributed in
various parts of KPK among which the genotype 3a is the most
frequent genotype.
HCV, a major cause of liver disease worldwide, is frequently
resistant to the antiviral interferon- therapy, being the only
approved treatment available. It has been investigated recently
that interleukin-8 (IL-8) induced by HCV partially inhibit the IFN-
therapy. Therefore we aimed to prospectively utilize the baseline
IL-8 levels in the HCV infected serum and predict its role in
sustained virological response (SVR) to IFN- + ribavirin therapy,
in chronic HCV patients. Fifteen normal volunteers and 110 HCV
patients were enrolled in this study. Their baseline IL-8 levels
were determined by ELISA and pre & post-treatment viral loads
were recorded using qPCR. Different response rates to the therapy
were observed and significant correlation was found between
baseline IL-8 level and response to IFN therapy (P
What were the causes of the Iraq War? Who were the main players?
How was the war sold to the decision makers? Despite all that has
been written on the Iraq war the myriad scholarly, journalistic and
polemical works the answers to these questions remain shrouded in
an ideological mist. TheRoad to Iraq is an empirical investigation
that dispels this fog.
Discover how a small but ideologically coherent and socially
cohesive group of determined political agents used the contingency
of 9/11 to overwhelm a sceptical foreign policy establishment,
military brass and intelligence apparatus.
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