In this book different techniques were used for the production of amylases from Aspergillus niger It is highly desirable to increase the production and thermal stability of alpha amylases so that the process can be made more economical. Enzyme Engineering Group at Industrial Biotechnology Division, NIBGE, Faisalabad is actively involved in microbial strain development through random mutagenesis and genetic engineering. A deoxy -D-glucose resistant (DG) mutant of Aspergillus niger was developed through gamma rays treatment. The present study was focussed on the optimization of growth conditions for maximum production of -amylases by parent and DG-resistant mutant derivative of Aspergillus niger. Moreover, kinetic and thermodynamic properties of -amylase from hyper producer mutant were also determined. This book is equally beneficial for the researcher, students, faculty members and the scientists with new knowledge of the production of enzyme."

These studies presence of sufficient exploitable genetic variability for various yield related traits among the rice genotypes. A good number of rice genotypes were screened and identified on the basis of various morphological, physiological and molecular studies, that would be used in the development of F1 hybrid seed. The genotypes CB-17, CB-32 and Basmati-198 were good general combiners for productive tillers per plant, primary branches per panicle and yield per plant, especially under water stress condition and also gave specific cross combinations for good yield and yield related traits. The crosses productive tillers per plant (Basmati-198 x CB-17), seeds per panicle (Basmati-2000 x CB-42, Basmati-198 x CB-14), 1000 seed weight (Basmati-2000 x CB-32, CB-42 x CB-32) and yield per plant (CB-32 x CB-14) sowed promising results for yield and yield related traits. Thus these hybrids could be used as such or further selection could made to develop high yielding rice genotypes suitable for cultivation under water stress condition. Over all this book will provide the information the breeders, geneticist, researchers and students related to genetic study of the rice crop.