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This collection highlights and nuances some of the recent critical
advances in scholarship on death and disease, across and beyond the
pre-modern Mediterranean world, Christian, Islamic and Jewish
healing traditions. Across and beyond the pre-modern Mediterranean
world, Christian, Islamic and Jewish healing traditions shared
inherited medical paradigms containing similar healthy living
precepts and attitudes toward body, illness and mortality. Yet, as
the chapters collected here demonstrate, customs of diagnosing,
explaining and coping with disease and death often diverged with
respect to knowledge and practice. Offering a variety of
disciplinary approaches to a broad selection of material emerging
from England to the Persian Gulf, the volume reaches across
conventional disciplinary and historiographical boundaries. Plague
diagnoses in pre-Black Death Arabic medical texts, rare,
illustrated phlebotomy instructions for plague patients, and a
Jewish plague tract utilising the Torah as medicine reflect
critical re-examinations of primary sources long thought to have
nothing new to offer. Novel re-interpretations of Giovanni
Villani's "New Chronicle", canonisation inquests and saints' lives
offer fresh considerations of medieval constructions of epidemics,
disabilities, and the interplay between secular and spiritual
healing. Cross-disciplinary perspectives recast late medieval
post-mortem diagnoses in Milan as a juridical - rather than
strictly medical - practice, highlight the aural performativity of
the Franciscan deathbed liturgy, explore the long evolution of
lapidary treatments for paediatric and obstetric diseases and
thrust us into the Ottoman polychromatic sensory world of disease
and death. Finally, considerations of the contributions of modern
science alongside historical primary sources generates important
new ways to understand death and disease in the past. Overall, the
contributions juxtapose and interlace similarities and differences
in their local and historical contexts, while highlighting and
nuancing some of the recent critical advances in scholarship on
death and disease - two historiographical subfields long approached
separately.
The discovery of the pulmonary transit of blood was a
ground-breaking discovery in the history of the life sciences, and
a prerequisite for William Harvey's fully developed theory of blood
circulation three centuries later. This book is the first attempt
at understanding Ibn al-Nafis's anatomical discovery from within
the medical and theological works of this thirteenth century
physician-jurist, and his broader social, religious and
intellectual contexts. Although Ibn al-Nafis did not posit a theory
of blood circulation, he nevertheless challenged the reigning
Galenic and Avicennian physiological theories, and the then
prevailing anatomical understandings of the heart. Far from being a
happy guess, Ibn al-Nafis's anatomical result is rooted in an
extensive re-evaluation of the reigning medical theories. Moreover,
this book shows that Ibn al-Nafis's re-evaluation is itself a
result of his engagement with post-Avicennian debates on the
relationship between reason and revelation, and the rationality of
traditionalist beliefs, such as bodily resurrection. Breaking new
ground by showing how medicine, philosophy and theology were
intertwined in the intellectual fabric of pre-modern Islamic
societies, Science and Religion in Mamluk Egypt will be of interest
to students and scholars of the History of Science, the History of
Medicine and Islamic Studies.
The discovery of the pulmonary transit of blood was a
ground-breaking discovery in the history of the life sciences, and
a prerequisite for William Harvey's fully developed theory of blood
circulation three centuries later. This book is the first attempt
at understanding Ibn al-Nafis's anatomical discovery from within
the medical and theological works of this thirteenth century
physician-jurist, and his broader social, religious and
intellectual contexts. Although Ibn al-Nafis did not posit a theory
of blood circulation, he nevertheless challenged the reigning
Galenic and Avicennian physiological theories, and the then
prevailing anatomical understandings of the heart. Far from being a
happy guess, Ibn al-Nafis's anatomical result is rooted in an
extensive re-evaluation of the reigning medical theories. Moreover,
this book shows that Ibn al-Nafis's re-evaluation is itself a
result of his engagement with post-Avicennian debates on the
relationship between reason and revelation, and the rationality of
traditionalist beliefs, such as bodily resurrection. Breaking new
ground by showing how medicine, philosophy and theology were
intertwined in the intellectual fabric of pre-modern Islamic
societies, Science and Religion in Mamluk Egypt will be of interest
to students and scholars of the History of Science, the History of
Medicine and Islamic Studies.
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