The objective of this monograph was to investigate the ethical behavior at work within public administration, from the perception of individuals who hold chief or consulting positions in public institutions of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Two aspects of investigation have been established in order to discuss its effects and manifestations on ethical conduct at work within public service: the rationality and functioning of public administration; and the morality of the individual. The discussion of the data has indicated that the organization and the rationality observed in public administration foster an environment and a logic that favor conducts which break up with the ethic. Today, the individuals qualification has been favoring behaviors aimed at private interests. Both aspects influence the individual's morality at work. This essay has identified individuals who keep their ability of self-reflection, which is fundamental to withstand ethical violation. The book points out some recommendations that aim to contribute to educational objectives which take into consideration psychological and subjective aspects and that can also influence ethical behavior."