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These collected chapters and interviews explore the current issues
and debates about how copyright will or should adapt to meet the
practices of 21st-century creators and internet users. The book
begins with an overview of copyright law basics. It is organized by
parts that correspond to creative genres: Literary Works, Visual
Arts, Fine Art, Music, Video Games and Virtual Worlds, Fashion, and
Technology. The chapters and interviews address issues such as
copyright ownership in work created by Artificial Intelligence
(AI), the musical remix market, whether appropriation is ever a
fair use of a copyrighted work or if it is always theft, and
whether internet- based platforms should do more to deter piracy of
creators' works. Each part ends with an essay explaining the
significance of one or two landmark or trendsetting cases to help
the reader understand the practical implications of the law.
Written to be accessible to both lay and legal audiences, this
unique collection addresses contemporary legal issues that all
creators need to understand and will be essential reading for
artists, designers, and musicians as well as the lawyers who
represent them.
The compulsory nature of social security makes it possible for
income to be distributed within and across beneficiary cohorts.
Focusing on the Federal Social Security system, encompassing OASDI
and Medicare, this volume examines the equity and adequacy criteria
that serve as standards for determining how payroll tax revenues
are to be distributed. Social Security distributes cash benefits to
retired and disabled workers in accordance with past taxable
earnings, and the book describes and evaluates the procedures for
determining each worker's earnings-related benefit base. The
benefit base serves as a standard of individual equity. Primary
worker payments are determined by applying a cohort-specific
benefit formula to the benefit base of each worker. The benefit
formula includes a rate structure with a progressive tilt,
resulting in a higher benefit-to-earnings ratio for workers with
lower prior earnings. Other features of the benefit structure
adjust benefits to allow for age at entitlement and presence of
eligible dependents or survivors. This book examines all of these
features from an individual equity perspective. The authors also
use equity considerations to provide a framework for examining the
disability determination process and the current procedure for
financing the Hospital Insurance and Supplementary Medical
Insurance components of Medicare. In conclusion, the authors
contrast the existing system with alternatives that would conform
more closely with an actuarial standard. They also conclude with a
discussion of the effects of the impending OASI trust fund surplus
on successive generations of beneficiaries.
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