Nanotechnology is believed to be the next great revolution in biology, medicine, and agriculture. This new volume, Biogenic Nanomaterials: Structural Properties and Functional Applications, explores that trend by providing in a global way updated information on the use and applications of nanobiotechnology, starting from a careful characterization and introduction to the various uses of nanoparticles and nanomaterials, their nanomechanical properties in bacteria, and biomedical applications. The book goes on to present nanobiotechnology applications in targeted therapy for multiple pathologies, such as cancer, obstructive pulmonary diseases, chronic infectious diseases, as well as its impact on the modulation of the intestinal microbiota. A special emphasis is also given to the potential of nanobiotechnology in terms of promoting sustainability, such as the ability to improve plant systems in terms of tissue culture, its added value in the transfer of macromolecules to plants, and also in triggering the sustainable exploitation of agriculture, forestry, and food residues, ultimately promoting green nanotechnology. This book offers a unique perspective and overview of the influences of nanobiotechnology researchers and scientists. It delivers an important resource for existing applications and imminent developments of nanobiotechnology.