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Marcel Mauss's writings on techniques and technology are at the
forefront of an important anthropological and sociological research
tradition, and they also highlight the theoretical and ideological
challenges surrounding this field of study. A selection of Mauss's
texts - including his major statements on methodology, on body
techniques, on practical reason, on nation and civilisation, on
progress, and so forth - are here translated and presented together
for the first time, with a discussion of their context, impact and
implications. This book will interest scholars and students dealing
with the French sociological tradition, and also more generally
those concerned with technology and material culture studies in
archaeological,anthropological or contemporary settings.
In line with the resurgence of interest in the history of
archaeology manifested over the past decade, this volume aims to
highlight state of the art research across several topics and
areas, and to stimulate new approaches and studies in the field.
With their shared historiographical commitment, the authors, both
leading scholars and emerging researchers, draw from a wide range
of case studies to address some of the main themes such as sources
and methods; questions of archaeological practices and the
practical aspects of knowledge production; visualizing archaeology
and the multiple roles of iconography and imagery; and questions of
identity at local, national, and international levels.
Marcel Mauss's writings on techniques and technology are at the
forefront of an important anthropological and sociological research
tradition, and they also highlight the theoretical and ideological
challenges surrounding this field of study. A selection of Mauss's
texts - including his major statements on methodology, on body
techniques, on practical reason, on nation and civilisation, on
progress, and so forth - are here translated and presented together
for the first time, with a discussion of their context, impact and
implications. This book will interest scholars and students dealing
with the French sociological tradition, and also more generally
those concerned with technology and material culture studies in
archaeological, anthropological or contemporary settings
As it appears in diverse guises - and notably as a founding
narrative - the past is at the core of every functioning human
society. The idea that the past can be known through scientific
research has long been a fundamental challenge for western
societies and for European researchers, from all disciplines
concerned. Through more than four decades of outward-looking
archaeological practice, the scholar, teacher and intellectual
Jean-Paul Demoule has elaborated a truly global approach to
European cultures and their transformations, spanning from the
social inequality in Neolithic times to Indo European research to
contemporary links between heritage and politics. His colleagues -
British, Bulgarians, Czechs, Danes, Dutch, French, Germans,
North-Americans, Spaniards, Swiss and Russians - seek to extend and
enrich his vision. With contributions (written in French and in
English) spanning from prehistory to the modern world, they bring
in this volume new insights and data to such issues as the
processes of identity construction at different scales, migratory
movements in Europe, the status of gender, the role of prestige
objects and megalithic monuments in the emergence of social
hierarchy and in the semiology of power... without forgetting the
myths and realities surrounding the Indo-European phenomenon. - Le
passe sous diverses formes - et notamment celle d'un recit
fondateur - est au coeur du fonctionnement de toute societe
humaine. L'idee que le passe puisse etre connaissable par une
recherche scientifique est un enjeu essentiel, particulierement
aborde par les societes occidentales et notamment par des
chercheurs europeens, toutes disciplines confondues. Par sa
pratique de l'archeologie et son erudition, le chercheur et le
professeur Jean-Paul Demoule a su elaborer un tableau global des
cultures europeennes et de leurs transformations, incluant autant
les origines neolithiques des inegalites sociales que l'emergence
du mythe indo-europeen ou encore les rapports entre patrimoine et
politique. Dans cet ouvrage, ses collegues allemands, britanniques,
bulgares, danois, espagnols, francais, neerlandais,
nord-americains, russes, suisses et tcheques prolongent et
enrichissent - en anglais ou en francais - sa vision. Ils y
apportent leurs reflexions et leurs donnees concernant les
perspectives de l'archeologie du XXIe siecle, les processus de la
construction identitaire a differentes echelles, les mouvements
migratoires de l'Europe, le statut du genre, le role des objets de
prestige et des monuments megalithiques dans l'emergence de la
hierarchisation sociale et de la semiologie du pouvoir... sans
oublier la mythologie et les realites du phenomene indo-europeen.
As it appears in diverse guises - and notably as a founding
narrative - the past is at the core of every functioning human
society. The idea that the past can be known through scientific
research has long been a fundamental challenge for western
societies and for European researchers, from all disciplines
concerned. Through more than four decades of outward-looking
archaeological practice, the scholar, teacher and intellectual
Jean-Paul Demoule has elaborated a truly global approach to
European cultures and their transformations, spanning from the
social inequality in Neolithic times to Indo European research to
contemporary links between heritage and politics. His colleagues -
British, Bulgarians, Czechs, Danes, Dutch, French, Germans,
North-Americans, Spaniards, Swiss and Russians - seek to extend and
enrich his vision. With contributions (written in French and in
English) spanning from prehistory to the modern world, they bring
in this volume new insights and data to such issues as the
processes of identity construction at different scales, migratory
movements in Europe, the status of gender, the role of prestige
objects and megalithic monuments in the emergence of social
hierarchy and in the semiology of power... without forgetting the
myths and realities surrounding the Indo-European phenomenon. - Le
passe sous diverses formes - et notamment celle d'un recit
fondateur - est au coeur du fonctionnement de toute societe
humaine. L'idee que le passe puisse etre connaissable par une
recherche scientifique est un enjeu essentiel, particulierement
aborde par les societes occidentales et notamment par des
chercheurs europeens, toutes disciplines confondues. Par sa
pratique de l'archeologie et son erudition, le chercheur et le
professeur Jean-Paul Demoule a su elaborer un tableau global des
cultures europeennes et de leurs transformations, incluant autant
les origines neolithiques des inegalites sociales que l'emergence
du mythe indo-europeen ou encore les rapports entre patrimoine et
politique. Dans cet ouvrage, ses collegues allemands, britanniques,
bulgares, danois, espagnols, francais, neerlandais,
nord-americains, russes, suisses et tcheques prolongent et
enrichissent - en anglais ou en francais - sa vision. Ils y
apportent leurs reflexions et leurs donnees concernant les
perspectives de l'archeologie du XXIe siecle, les processus de la
construction identitaire a differentes echelles, les mouvements
migratoires de l'Europe, le statut du genre, le role des objets de
prestige et des monuments megalithiques dans l'emergence de la
hierarchisation sociale et de la semiologie du pouvoir... sans
oublier la mythologie et les realites du phenomene indo-europeen.
What are European archaeologists doing abroad? What have they been
doing there for the past three to four centuries? Are they doing
things differently nowadays? To address these questions, this book
explores the scope, impact and ethics of European archaeological
policies and practices in the Mediterranean area, the Near East,
sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America. Acknowledging that
international and transcultural projects have a range of different
stakeholders, the first part of this book aims to identify some of
the values and motivations behind different European archaeologies
abroad. This is done by providing thorough historical overviews on
a range of European countries, including France, Spain, Germany,
Belgium, the Netherlands and Poland. But how are these values
translated, through socio-political, theoretical and administrative
frameworks, unto local circumstances in host countries? And how are
these archaeological activities received locally? The second part
of this book attempts to answer these questions through a range of
historical and contemporary case studies, in Africa, in Asia, in
South America, in the Near East and in Europe. The third part of
the book offers several critical reflections on European values,
motivations and collaboration projects, as perceived by
archaeological heritage professionals based in, and/or working in
Senegal, Sudan, Somaliland, Colombia, and the Near East. This
collection of historical overviews, contemporary case studies and
critical reflections focuses on the challenging relationships
between archaeological practices and policies, including the
requirements and wishes of archaeologists, of local communities and
of other stakeholders in Europe and in the host countries. In
addition to researchers and students, this book should be of
interest to practicing archaeologists, heritage professionals and
policy makers the world over, as they seek to reach better informed
decisions regarding archaeological projects and international
collaboration. This publication was produced in the framework of
the ACE project - "Archaeology in Contemporary Europe. Professional
Practices and Public Outreach", with the support of the Culture
2007-2013 programme of the European Commission.
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