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This volume represents the current knowledge on the effect of SCMs
(slag, fly ash, silica fume, limestone powder, metakaolin, natural
pozzolans, rice husk ash, special SCMs, ternary blends) on the
properties of fresh and hardened concrete (e.g. early strength
development, workability, shrinkage) and curing requirements. Other
topics treated in the book are postblending vs preblending,
implications of SCM variability, interaction between SCM and
commonly used admixtures (e.g. superplasticizers, air entrainers).
Self-healing materials are man-made materials which have the
built-in capability to repair damage. Failure in materials is often
caused by the occurrence of small microcracks throughout the
material. In self-healing materials phenomena are triggered to
counteract these microcracks. These processes are ideally triggered
by the occurrence of damage itself. Thus far, the self-healing
capacity of cement-based materials has been considered as something
"extra". This could be called passive self-healing, since it was
not a designed feature of the material, but an inherent property of
it. Centuries-old buildings have been said to have survived these
centuries because of the inherent self-healing capacity of the
binders used for cementing building blocks together. In this
State-of-the-Art Report a closer look is taken at self-healing
phenomena in cement-based materials. It is shown what options are
available to design for this effect rather than have it occur as a
"coincidental extra".
Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly
aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or
industrial. These materials may suffer degradation in which ion
addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a
breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening.
Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such
as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs
over long periods. Consequences of material failure are usually
severe - adversely affecting the health and well-being of human
communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also
large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated
infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during
maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus
of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of
cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way
of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of
many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or
parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and
kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of
cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II.
Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods
to assess performance of cement-based materials in such
environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate
relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV.
Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in
aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the
problem.
Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly
aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or
industrial. These materials may suffer degradation in which ion
addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a
breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening.
Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such
as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs
over long periods. Consequences of material failure are usually
severe - adversely affecting the health and well-being of human
communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also
large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated
infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during
maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus
of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of
cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way
of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of
many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or
parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and
kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of
cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II.
Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods
to assess performance of cement-based materials in such
environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate
relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV.
Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in
aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the
problem.
Self-healing materials are man-made materials which have the
built-in capability to repair damage. Failure in materials is often
caused by the occurrence of small microcracks throughout the
material. In self-healing materials phenomena are triggered to
counteract these microcracks. These processes are ideally triggered
by the occurrence of damage itself. Thus far, the self-healing
capacity of cement-based materials has been considered as something
"extra". This could be called passive self-healing, since it was
not a designed feature of the material, but an inherent property of
it. Centuries-old buildings have been said to have survived these
centuries because of the inherent self-healing capacity of the
binders used for cementing building blocks together. In this
State-of-the-Art Report a closer look is taken at self-healing
phenomena in cement-based materials. It is shown what options are
available to design for this effect rather than have it occur as a
"coincidental extra".
Eco-efficient Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Infrastructures
provides an updated state-of-the-art review on eco-efficient repair
and rehabilitation of concrete infrastructure. The first section
focuses on deterioration assessment methods, and includes chapters
on stress wave assessment, ground-penetrating radar, monitoring of
corrosion, SHM using acoustic emission and optical fiber sensors.
Other sections discuss the development and application of several
new innovative repair and rehabilitation materials, including
geopolymer concrete, sulfoaluminate cement-based concrete,
engineered cementitious composites (ECC) based concrete,
bacteria-based concrete, concrete with encapsulated polyurethane,
and concrete with super absorbent polymer (SAPs), amongst other
topics. Final sections focus on crucial design aspects, such as
quality control, including lifecycle and cost analysis with several
related case studies on repair and rehabilitation. The book will be
an essential reference resource for materials scientists, civil and
structural engineers, architects, structural designers and
contractors working in the construction industry.
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