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This book is a compilation of witty and insightful short pieces on
scientific developments in the science of friction, lubrication and
wear. It focuses on topics that are of interest to practicing
scientists, engineers and students in tribology and related areas,
and deals with novel and intriguing aspects of this important
field. In addition, landmarks of the last decade of tribology are
covered, including new world records for low friction and
breakthroughs in measurement technology. This anthology, which was
originally published over a decade as columns entitled 'Cutting
Edge' in Tribology & Lubrication Technology magazine of the
Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers, is both
educational and entertaining. While the style is eminently
readable, each column is accompanied by references to the relevant
literature.
Man lubricates mostly with oil. Nature lubricates exclusively with
water. Pure water is a poor lubricant, but the addition of
proteins, especially glycoproteins, can modify surfaces to make
them far more lubricating at slow speeds. Understanding how nature
does this, and the physical structures involved, is not only
important for the understanding of diseases such as osteoarthritis,
but also essential for the successful application of articulating
implants, such as hips and knees, as well as the development of
medical devices such as catheters and contact lenses. A host of
important applications of water-based lubrication are already in
place in the personal care and food industries, and further
industrial applications of water-based lubrication could have a
significant positive impact on the environment.This book is the
first of its kind. It brings together the latest research in
biological and biomimetic, water-based lubrication and is authored
by the world's experts in the field.
The Encyclopedia of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics
introduces possibly unfamiliar areas, explains important
experimental and computational techniques, and describes modern
endeavors. The encyclopedia quickly provides the basics, defines
the scope of each subdiscipline, and indicates where to go for a
more complete and detailed explanation. Particular attention has
been paid to symbols and abbreviations to make this a user-friendly
encyclopedia. Care has been taken to ensure that the reading level
is suitable for the trained chemist or physicist.
The encyclopedia is divided in three major sections:
FUNDAMENTALS: the mechanics of atoms and molecules and their
interactions, the macroscopic and statistical description of
systems at equilibrium, and the basic ways of treating reacting
systems. The contributions in this section assume a somewhat less
sophisticated audience than the two subsequent sections. At least a
portion of each article inevitably covers material that might also
be found in a modern, undergraduate physical chemistry text.
METHODS: the instrumentation and fundamental theory employed in the
major spectroscopic techniques, the experimental means for
characterizing materials, the instrumentation and basic theory
employed in the study of chemical kinetics, and the computational
techniques used to predict the static and dynamic properties of
materials.
APPLICATIONS: specific topics of current interest and intensive
research.
For the practicing physicist or chemist, this encyclopedia is the
place to start when confronted with a new problem or when the
techniques of an unfamiliar area might be exploited. For a graduate
student in chemistry or physics, the encyclopedia gives a synopsis
of the basics and an overview of the range of activities in which
physical principles are applied to chemical problems. It will lead
any of these groups to the salient points of a new field as rapidly
as possible and gives pointers as to where to read about the topic
in more detail.
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