Damage from noise exposure of sufficient intensity and duration is well established and hearing loss may be temporary or permanent. Fortunately, noise exposure can be controlled and technology exists to reduce the hazards. Aside from employer/employee concern with the inherent hazards of noise, added attention has been brought to focus on the subject through regulatory requirements. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) every employer is legally responsible for providing a workplace free of hazards such as excessive noise. It has been estimated that 14 million U.S. workers are exposed to hazardous noise.

This book is presented as an overview summary for employers, workers, and supervisors interested in workplace noise and its control. We believe that in order to understand and control noise it is not necessary to be highly technical. Noise problems can quite often be solved by the people who are directly affected. Presented are an overview of noise; the regulations concerning its control; an explanation of specific principles and a discussion of some particular techniques.

The second supplement to the comprehensive series Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics covers advances in multiphase flow.

This volume has been prepared for the Environmental and Health & Safety Manager. The EH&S manager is a new breed of corporate professionals that are faced with the responsibility of handling both environmental policy/issues and occupational safety issues within organizations. Throughout the 1980s there was a proliferation of health and safety departments, environmental compliance personnel, and technical people associated with handling pollution control and waste management. American industry has been over the last several years contracting and downsizing their operations. In doing so, many corporations, large and small, are demanding greater responsibilities be delegated to middle and line function management. In this regard, many corporations today are moving towards a single management entity, the EH&S manager, who's responsibilities require extensive knowledge of both the environmental statutes and OSHA standards.

This desk reference has been written as a compliance source for the EH&S manager. The authors prefer to call the EH&S manager an Occupational Safety Professional and use this designation interchangeably throughout the text. This individual, as stated above, has a dual responsibility that requires both technical and managerial skills in two arenas. In this regard, this book provides the working professional a reference on both the environmental regulations and industry safety standards. Additionally, it covers management practices for on-site hazard materials handling operations and constitutes an important reference for establishing hazard communication and training programs for employees.

This book has been prepared as a reference on manufacturing techniques and applications of fiberglass reinforced plastics. It provides discussion of properties, concepts and is written for the potential user to summarize advantages in usage. The book contains 9 chapters of discussion of relationships between polymers, reinforcements and uses, as well as a useful glossary of plastics and engineering terms.

There is a wide interest in fiberglass reinforced plastics due to useful properties which meet a great many product and use requirements, as well as the relative ease with which such products can be fabricated. Fiberglass reinforced plastics find applications in transportation, marine, construction, electronics, recreation, aircraft, aerospace and numerous manufacturing industries. These plastics have virtually displaced wood in the marine industry, and applications replacing metals in other areas continue to grow.

The user of this book will find practical and useful information for design, engineering, plant and maintenance. Presented is the technology and applications to serve the varied interests of readers in diverse industries.

This book is a state-of-the-art review of liquid filtration in the chemical process and allied industries. Interpretations of the phenomenological observations of the hydrodynamics of filtration are given in the hopes of establishing more theoretical and generalized bases of design methodology. Specific design and selection criteria are reviewed, and typical industrial problems and their solutions are presented.
Nicholas Cheremisinoff is known internationally as one of the foremost engineers with Exxon and as the author of numerous books, articles and periodical contributions. Most recently his international consulting role has seen him active the Ukraine, part of the former Soviet Union, where the modernising of these industrial processes has been key.

Liquid Filtration is a fundamental unit operation extensively practiced throughout the chemical process, petroleum, and allied industries. It involves the separation, removal, and collection of a discrete phase of matter existing in a dispersed or colloidal state in suspension. This separation is most often performed in the presence of a complex media structure in which physical, physiochemical and/or electrokinetic forces interact.

Guide to an essential industrial operation
Single reference source for many industries
Author has world-wide experience and reputation

This new Handbook provides a series of reference guides to cleaner production methods, technologies, and practices for key industry sectors.

Each volume covers, for each industry sector: * the manufacturing technologies * waste management * pollution * methods for estimating and reporting emissions * treatment and control technologies * worker and community health risk exposures * cost data for pollution management * cleaner production and prevention alternatives Best Practices in The Petroleum Industry provides an overview of refineries and gas plant operations and identifies the key Environmental Aspects, supported by case studies of major incidents that resulted in catastrophic releases of oil and refined products, and a critical assessment of the methodology and calculation procedures that the industry relies on in preparing emissions inventories. The authors offer alternative approaches to providing more accurate emissions estimates, and guidelines on cleaner production and pollution prevention practices for improving overall environmental performance.
Overview of the key Environmental Aspects of gas plant operations and refineriesCase studies of major incidents that resulted in catastrophic releases of oil and refined products, including the Santa Barbara oil spill of 1969 and the EXXON Valdez incidentProvides guidelines on cleaner production and pollution prevention practices for improving overall environmental performance"

This supplement to the comprehensive series "Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics" steps back from the topical approach to fluid mechanics, and embraces the overall subject from an entirely mathematical viewpoint. Within the pure science of mathematics, the motion of particles and fluids is described and studies without the uncertainty that can accompany experimental investigations. This volume addresses the mathematical details of model formation and development, which constitutes the basis for numerical experimentation. It is intended to stimulate and report current and emerging concepts in pure research on flow dynamics.

The Handbook of Cleaner Production comprises a series of reference guides to cleaner production methods, technologies, and practices for key industry sectors.

Each volume covers, for each industry sector: * manufacturing technologies * waste management * pollution control and remediation * methods for estimating and reporting emissions * treatment and control technologies * health risk exposures for workers and the wider community * cost data for pollution management * cleaner production and prevention options

* safe chemical handling practices Best Practices in the Agrochemical Industry includes coverage of pollution of drinking water (atrazine, trichloropropane and DBCP and the risks associated with them, such as miscarriages and infertility), pesticide residues in food, a case study of worker pesticide exposure and cancer, contaminants in organic food, etc.

Extensive data is provided regarding regulatory limits for exposure to pesticides according to EPA, NIOSH, OSHA, WHO and ACGIH.

* Coverage of agrochemical residues and their health impacts, and mitigation strategies

* Includes extensive data tables covering USA and international regulatory requirements (EPA, NIOSH, OSHA, WHO and ACGIH)

* Details safer manufacturing processes and procedures to limit pollution

The handbook provides ready information on the fire and chemical reactivity of commonly used chemicals. Its purpose is to provide basic information important to the safe handling of chemicals and to help provide guidance in responding to a hazardous materials incident, in particular, incidents involving reactive chemicals and materials posing fire and explosion hazards. The volume has been written for chemical handling specialists, first responders to hazardous materials incidents, and firefighters. The basic definition used for a hazard materials incident is any situation that may potentially lead to catastrophic fire or explosion, and or human exposed to a toxic chemical. This situation may result from a spill of a hazardous material, a leak from a storage vessel or shipping container, or the mixing of incompatible chemicals whereby a chemical reaction could occur resulting in the release of energy and generation of toxic and perhaps flammable by-products. The volume provides chemical specific information, providing the reader with rigorous information on the chemical of interest.
This book is a compendium of chemical specific fire and chemical reactivity data and information. More than 1,000 chemicals have been researched and organized into a reference handbook for fire specialists, chemical handling specialists, and plant safety engineers. The specific information provided for chemicals includes the flammability characteristics, recommended fire extinguishing practices, fire extinguishing agents not to be used, behavior in fires, burning characteristics, chemical reactivity with regard to water and common materials, incompatible chemical mixtures, containment and neutralization methods for spills. This reference book has been designed as a data bank for the hazardous materials handling specialist and industrial safety managers dealing with large chemical inventories. It is intended to be used by fire and loss prevention specialists and as a basis for developing procedures for safe storing and handling of chemicals. The authors have included an extensive physical properties section on chemicals, with information most pertinent to fire response situations.

This volume covers advanced polymer processing operations and is designed to provide a description of some of the latest industry developments for unique products and fabrication methods. Contributors for this volume are from both industry and academia from the international community. This book contains nine chapters covering advanced processing applications and technologies.

This third supplement to the "Encyclopedia of Fluid Mechanics" series covers recent advances in basic fluid dynamics studies and transport mechanisms, with emphasis on heat transfer research. It extends to a number of fluid flow topics covered in greater depth in the main series volumes. Areas of research relying more heavily on numerical approaches and solutions are treated extensively. Several chapters also deal with analytical solutions to complex flow situations. This book has been compiled by a panel of 30 authors conducting research in hydrodynamics and heat transfer. It also contains the comprehensive index for series volumes 1-10 and supplements 1 and 2. This feature should enhance the usefulness and convenience of the entire series.

Coal power is a major cause of air pollution and global warming and has resulted in the release of toxic heavy metals and radionuclides, which place communities at riskfor long-term health problems. However, coal-fired power plants also currently fuel 41% of global electricity.

"Clean Electricity Through Advanced Coal Technologies" discussesthe environmental issues caused by coal power, such as air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and toxic solid wastes.

This volume focuses on increasingly prevalent newer generation technologies with smaller environmental footprints than the existing coal-fired infrastructure throughout most of the world. These technologies include fluidized-bed combustion and gasification. It also provides an overview of carbon capture and sequestration technologies and closely examines the 2008 Kingston TVA spill, the largest fly ash release ever to have occurred in the United States.

Each volume of the "Handbook of Pollution Prevention and Cleaner Production" covers manufacturing technologies, waste management, pollution issues, methods for estimating and reporting emissions, treatment and control techniques, worker and community health risks, cost data for pollution management, and cleaner production and prevention options.
Discusses the environmental impact of coal power, including air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and solid toxic wastesFocuses on newer coaltechnologies with smaller environmental footprints than existing infrastructureProvides an overview of carbon capture and sequestration technologies"

In contrast to traditional combustion, gasification technologies offer the potential for converting coal and low or negative-value feedstocks, such as petroleum coke and various waste materials into usable energy sources or chemicals. With a growing number of companies operating and marketing systems based on gasification concepts worldwide, this book combines the latest information and real-world experience in developing gasification technologies.

Gasification Technologies: A Primer for Engineers and Scientists discusses gasification techniques and the benefits of each technology, including gas clean-up technologies and those used in hybrid systems and fuel cells. It also accounts for the primary products that are recovered and explains how these products are purified and can be used as fuel or for applications in petrochemical processes. The book describes the conditions in which optimal value intermediate products can be recovered, focusing on key factors such as oxygen or air blown reactor, operating temperature, internal and external heating, and reactor design. The authors also establish how gasification can help meet renewable energy targets, address concerns about global warming, and contribute to a better carbon management or achieving Kyoto Protocol commitments.

Gasification Technologies provide a multidimensional and well-rounded examination of current technology, research, applications, and development challenges for the commercialization of this increasingly popular technology.

Offers a guide to current environmental health and safety statutes--providing a working knowledge of the major legislations and regulations and demonstrating the steps necessary for compliance. Illustrates overall health and safety management skills for multimedia facilities.

Pressure Safety Design Practices for Refinery and Chemical Operations is an introductory reference guide for pressure relieving operations in petroleum refineries and chemical plants. Petroleum refineries and their related chemical manufacturing facilities often operate at high pressures and/or at conditions that can result in excessive pressure conditions. Start-up and emergency shut-down operations, transient upset conditions, or catastrophic equipment failures, as well as plant process fires and plant wide utility failures, all require fail safe systems that will alleviate high process operating conditions in a safe and expedient manner.

This volume has been organized for practicing engineers who deal with the problems of groundwater and leachate remediation. It is intended to provide a practical overview of both techniques for evaluating groundwater quality and in selecting remediation technologies that are cost effective. Emphasis is given to advanced remediation methods.

This reference book provides a comprehensive overview of the nature, manufacture, structure, properties, processing, and applications of commercially available polymers.
The main feature of the book is the range of topics from both theory and practice, which means that physical properties and applications of the materials concerned are described in terms of the theory, chemistry and manufacturing constraints which apply to them. It will therefore enable scientists to understand the commercial implications of their work as well as providing polymer technologists, engineers and designers with a theoretical background.
Provides a comprehensive overview of commercially available polymers
Offers a unique mix of theory and application
Essential for both scientists and technologists

This book examines the practices used or considered for biological treatment of water/waste-water and hazardous wastes. The technologies described involve conventional treatment processes, their variations, as well as future technologies found in current research. The book is intended for those seeking an overview to the biotechnological aspects of pollution engineering, and covers the major topics in this field. The book is divided into five major sections and references are provided for those who wish to dig deeper.

This Handbook is an essential tool for plant managers, process engineers, environmental consultants, and site remediation specialists that focuses on practices for handling a broad range of industrial solid waste problems. In addition to equipment and process options, the author presents information on waste minimization practices that can be used in conjunction with or can provide alternatives to equipment and process investments. Environmental cost accounting measures and energy-efficient technologies are provided.
Valuable information for those concerned with meeting government regulations and with the economic considerations (such as fines for violations and cost-effective methods) is presented in a practical manner. Included in the text are sidebar discussions, questions for thinking and discussion, recommended resources for the reader (including Web sites), and a comprehensive glossary.
Two companion books by Cheremisnoff are available:
Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies, and Handbook of Air Pollution Control Technologies.
- Covers leading edge technology and standard equipment for managing industrial solid waste problems
- Valuable in meeting government regulations
- Presents in-depth analysis of the financial impact of alternative technologies available

To satisfy demands for software systems that collect, organize and utilize pollution prevention auditing, design and implementation, hundreds of software companies have developed and are marketing software systems that perform these functions.
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This book provides direction in constructing regression routines that can be used with worksheet software on personal computers. The book lists useful references for those readers who desire more in-depth understanding of the mathematical bases, and is helpful for science and engineering students.

This text provides approaches and methodologies for implementing pollution prevention (P2) and waste minimization programmes to reduce manufacturing operational costs significantly. It focuses on reducing manufacturing and environmental compliance costs by instituting feedstock substitution, improved operational schemes, recycling and by-product recovery, waste minimization, and energy efficiency policies, and offers project cost accounting tools that assist in evaluating money-saving P2 options.

This pocket handbook is intended as a handy reference guide for engineers, scientists and students on widely used mathematical relationships, statistical formulas and problem-solving methods, including illustrated examples for problem-solving methods.

A practical guide to industrial safety. It seeks to assist specialists in managing operations in industrial settings, including high-risk personal exposure such as inhalation hazards and direct chemical contact. It covers hazards in the chemical process industries, inhalation hazards in refineries, indoor air quality management, personal protective equipment, process safety emergency preparedness, safety in the laboratory, and more. There are Web site listings, NFPA hazard ratings, and other sources of information.

This volume provides an overview of polymer characterization test methods. The methods and instrumentation described represent modern analytical techniques useful to researchers, product development specialists, and quality control experts in polymer synthesis and manufacturing. Engineers, polymer scientists and technicians will find this volume useful in selecting approaches and techniques applicable to characterizing molecular, compositional, rheological, and thermodynamic properties of elastomers and plastics.

It is essential that both R&D laboratories as well as quality control functions be versed in the various techniques described in this book in order to properly design their products and to ensure the highest quality polymers on the market place. This volume is particularly useful in introducing standard polymer characterization laboratory techniques to technicians and engineers beginning their careers in polymer manufacturing and product development areas.

A portion of this volume is comprised of appendices providing definitions of testing and product characterization terms. These sections are intended to provide the reader with a practical source of fundamental information.