The Economics of Biotechnology is a highly accessible book dealing with some of the most crucial issues to arise in this area. Special attention is paid to consumer, ethical and environmental concerns as well as questions relating to trade policy, intellectual property, who will receive the benefits, international development and the role of international institutions such as the WTO. The authors examine concerns arising from the application of biotechnology in the agri-food industrial complex, and many of the issues discussed also have implications for the medical and pharmaceutical aspects of biotechnology. Fundamental questions regarding the application of standard economic analysis to biotechnology are resolved using traditional neo-classical analyses as well as less mainstream methods. Through exploring a number of approaches, original and unexpected conclusions are reached. This coherent and relevant treatment of the myriad facets of biotechnology will be welcomed by academics, scholars, and economists with a specific interest in international economics or technology, international policymakers, and economic commentators.

The expanding membership of the EU means significant changes for accession countries' international trade relations, affecting imports, exports, tax revenues, government expenditures and domestic regulatory regimes. There are also significant ramifications for the EU budget. This book is a valuable comprehensive tool kit for analysing the economic effect of EU accession, using examples from the most complex sector for both candidate countries and the EU itself - agriculture. The authors provide a complete set of market configurations with which to analyse harmonisation with the Common Agriculture Policy in both the long and short run. It also provides insights into the questions of regulatory harmonisation in areas of food safety, animal and plant health, the environment, animal welfare, technical standards and the protection of intellectual property. Background is provided on the EU and its policies, economic developments in transition economies and the accession process. The book also provides a unique insight into how negotiating positions can be developed. A wide audience will find this book of great value and interest including policymakers and analysts in governments and related think tanks, businesses and consultancy firms trading in the EU. Scholars and researchers of European studies, international trade and agriculture will also find the book invaluable.

Regional trade agreements proliferated in Africa in the wake of independence from colonial rule. For the most part these agreements failed to deliver the regional integration and economic benefits that were promised, and amounted to little more than a propaganda coup for the leaders that signed them.This book explores conventional explanations of the failure of these agreements, and challenges the accepted wisdom, highlighting the symbiotic relationship between 'Big Man' politics and crony capitalism. The rise of second generation regional trade agreements in the first decade of the twenty-first century emphasises the pressing need for a revised assessment of the aims, consequences and scope of these agreements. This book focuses on the revitalized East African Community to examine the potential benefits of modern agreements to foster economic development and the hurdles that must be overcome to realise this potential.

I have used the materials contained in this book extensively in a major trade-related capacity, building a technical training program for trade officials and business people in six countries in Southeast Asia to great effect. The book fills an important gap in the existing literature on the subject and links international economic policy to practical hands on international business management. It underlines the importance of understanding the increasingly complex nature of international markets and offers useful options for mitigating their risk.' - Wayne Robinson, Estey Centre for Law and Economics in International Trade, CanadaThis MBA textbook provides a guide to the international institutions, both public and private, that exist to regulate and facilitate international business. William Kerr and Nicholas Perdikis explain how international business decision making should take into account the ideas and institutions that make up the international commercial environment, such as why trade theories are important to business; the ways in which governments can restrict trade; the role of international trade rules in reducing risk; the threats that anti-dumping and countervail actions pose; the pros and cons of operating multilaterally; the role of trading houses and the advantages of using private sector institutions to settle international business disputes. Key features include: - Economic theory presented in a business-friendly style; - Major arguments in international trade theory outlined and critically assessed; - An explanation of the role and rules of international organizations, such as the WTO - Barriers to trade and how they can affect competitiveness; - An exploration of the organizational choices (e.g. direct exporting, becoming a multinational, joint ventures, etc.) open to those participating in international business; and - Discussion of the international private sector arrangements which ensure payment, facilitate the movement of products and resolve disputes. This book will be essential reading for senior executives needing to familiarize themselves with the international commercial environment. It will also be an excellent resource for executive and international MBAs, as well as upper level international business students. Contents: Introduction 1. Why Study the Global Business Environment? 2. International Trade and Economic Theory 3. The Great Debate - Free Trade Versus Protectionism 4. The Search for Orderly system for Trade 5. Regional Trade Associations 6. Institutions of the Multilateral Trading System 7. Orderly Markets 8. How Countries Restrict Trade 9. Control of the Use of Trade Barriers 10. 'Fair' Trade 11. National Firms and Transnational Firms 12. Private Firms and State Trading Agencies 13. Production Firms and Trading Houses 14. Financing International Transactions 15. Moving Products Between Countries 16. The Settlement of International Disputes 17. Facing the Future 18. Issues for the International Trading System Exercise Glossary Index

This title was first published in 2000. An essential collection of studies which examine the many aspects of the Indian economy from trade relations and exchange rate mechanisms to privatization. The text looks at the issue of poverty and income distribution and advances the problems and issues associated with the Indian economy.

I have used the materials contained in this book extensively in a major trade-related capacity, building a technical training program for trade officials and business people in six countries in Southeast Asia to great effect. The book fills an important gap in the existing literature on the subject and links international economic policy to practical hands on international business management. It underlines the importance of understanding the increasingly complex nature of international markets and offers useful options for mitigating their risk.' - Wayne Robinson, Estey Centre for Law and Economics in International Trade, CanadaThis MBA textbook provides a guide to the international institutions, both public and private, that exist to regulate and facilitate international business. William Kerr and Nicholas Perdikis explain how international business decision making should take into account the ideas and institutions that make up the international commercial environment, such as why trade theories are important to business; the ways in which governments can restrict trade; the role of international trade rules in reducing risk; the threats that anti-dumping and countervail actions pose; the pros and cons of operating multilaterally; the role of trading houses and the advantages of using private sector institutions to settle international business disputes. Key features include: - Economic theory presented in a business-friendly style; - Major arguments in international trade theory outlined and critically assessed; - An explanation of the role and rules of international organizations, such as the WTO - Barriers to trade and how they can affect competitiveness; - An exploration of the organizational choices (e.g. direct exporting, becoming a multinational, joint ventures, etc.) open to those participating in international business; and - Discussion of the international private sector arrangements which ensure payment, facilitate the movement of products and resolve disputes. This book will be essential reading for senior executives needing to familiarize themselves with the international commercial environment. It will also be an excellent resource for executive and international MBAs, as well as upper level international business students. Contents: Introduction 1. Why Study the Global Business Environment? 2. International Trade and Economic Theory 3. The Great Debate - Free Trade Versus Protectionism 4. The Search for Orderly system for Trade 5. Regional Trade Associations 6. Institutions of the Multilateral Trading System 7. Orderly Markets 8. How Countries Restrict Trade 9. Control of the Use of Trade Barriers 10. 'Fair' Trade 11. National Firms and Transnational Firms 12. Private Firms and State Trading Agencies 13. Production Firms and Trading Houses 14. Financing International Transactions 15. Moving Products Between Countries 16. The Settlement of International Disputes 17. Facing the Future 18. Issues for the International Trading System Exercise Glossary Index

Post-colonial Africa is littered with regional trade agreements that amounted to little more than a photo opportunity for the leaders that signed them. This book explores conventional explanations for past failures and posits a new theory rooted in the symbiotic relationship between authoritarian politics and crony-capitalism.

`This is a well-researched book outlining the salient features of trends in trade relations between India and the EU. The trade between the EU and India has grown substantially in the last decade as more trade friendly policies are pursued. The argument is presented with attention to details and the book is a source of valuable data, for example about developments in new sectors of economic co-operation. The authors write clearly and their book is an excellent source of reference for trend data.' - Shanti P. Chakravarty, University of Bangor, UK `While there are no shortages of contributions on the theory or political economy of trade globalization, this monograph addresses the practical and applied side of all stages of trade negotiations between the EU, a group of countries with disparate production and hence trades structures, and an emerging economy. Written in a clear, jargon free style, this publication will be an extremely useful read for academics, policy makers and practitioners specializing in European and emerging countries trade issues.' - Dipak Ghosh, University of Stirling, UK This unique book provides an assessment of an Indian-EU agreement, drawing on the theory of preferential agreements, the history of India-European relations and the recent refocusing of the Indian economy. The authors explore both a broad overview of the agreement as well as a detailed examination of sensitive sectors. A preferential trade agreement between India and the EU fires the imagination. It encompasses one fifth of humanity, connecting a large developed single market together with a major developing economy, together representing sufficient scope and diversity to capture almost all the gains expected from globalization. After a broad discussion of the agreement, the book focuses on two sensitive sectors - clothing and footwear, including the results of a stakeholder survey regarding non-tariff barriers in these industries. The book concludes that realizing the potential benefits of an India-EU agreement will depend on a clear understanding of the existing barriers to trade, careful negotiations and the willingness to implement what has been agreed. Business executives in both Europe and India as well as officials in the Indian government and EU Commission will find this innovative book a fascinating read.

This book provides a critical overview and assessment of the WTO's dispute settlement procedures in the context of several recent trade-related disputes between the EU and the US. Case studies provide comprehensive insights into the contemporary regulation of international trade and workings of the WTO. Topics covered include: * a critique of the GATT, WTO and NAFTA dispute settlement mechanisms * agriculture in the light of Doha * the CAP, beef hormones and GM food * the banana dispute, the steel dispute and foreign trade corporations * process and production method (PPM) issues and cases. The WTO and the Regulation of International Trade will be of interest to academics and researchers working in the areas of international economics and political economy as well as policymakers within the EU and the US.