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This is a very timely book! Public procurement for innovation has
become a prominent tool of demand-side innovation policy in recent
years. A better understanding of the underlying assumptions and
intentions, as well as the opportunities of this bundle of
instruments and their limitations, is highly relevant for both
innovation policy analysts, students and practitioners. The book
presents the latest knowledge and insights of world-leading experts
in the field of public procurement for innovation.' - Stefan
Kuhlmann, University of Twente, the Netherlands, President of the
European Forum for Studies of Policies for Research and
InnovationPublic procurement for innovation (PPI) is a demand-side
innovation policy instrument. It occurs when a public organization
places an order for the fulfillment of certain functions or needs,
which cannot be met at that moment or within a reasonable period of
time through a new or improved product. Providing evidence of the
benefits to public and private actors from selective use of this
policy instrument, this book illustrates the requirements and
constraints for its operationalization. It significantly improves
our knowledge of the key determinants of effective public
procurement, aiming to promote innovative capabilities in the
supplying sectors and beyond. It also provides case studies and
conceptual contributions that help extend the frontier of our
understanding in areas where there are still significant knowledge
gaps. Scholars interested in the study of innovation policies and
practitioners involved in the design, implementation and evaluation
of PPI will benefit from this state-of-the-art exploration.
Contributors: Y. Caloghirou, J. Edler, C. Edquist, A.T. Furtado, L.
Georghiou, Y. Li, J. Nauta, P. Panaghiotopoulos, A. Protogerou, C.
Garcia Ribeiro, J. Rigby, M. Rolfstam, L. Tsipouri, E. Uyarra, V.
Valovirta, H. van Meerveld, N.S. Vonortas, G. Whyles, J. Yeow, J.M.
Zabala-Iturriagagoitia
This is a very timely book! Public procurement for innovation has
become a prominent tool of demand-side innovation policy in recent
years. A better understanding of the underlying assumptions and
intentions, as well as the opportunities of this bundle of
instruments and their limitations, is highly relevant for both
innovation policy analysts, students and practitioners. The book
presents the latest knowledge and insights of world-leading experts
in the field of public procurement for innovation.' - Stefan
Kuhlmann, University of Twente, the Netherlands, President of the
European Forum for Studies of Policies for Research and
InnovationPublic procurement for innovation (PPI) is a demand-side
innovation policy instrument. It occurs when a public organization
places an order for the fulfillment of certain functions or needs,
which cannot be met at that moment or within a reasonable period of
time through a new or improved product. Providing evidence of the
benefits to public and private actors from selective use of this
policy instrument, this book illustrates the requirements and
constraints for its operationalization. It significantly improves
our knowledge of the key determinants of effective public
procurement, aiming to promote innovative capabilities in the
supplying sectors and beyond. It also provides case studies and
conceptual contributions that help extend the frontier of our
understanding in areas where there are still significant knowledge
gaps. Scholars interested in the study of innovation policies and
practitioners involved in the design, implementation and evaluation
of PPI will benefit from this state-of-the-art exploration.
Contributors: Y. Caloghirou, J. Edler, C. Edquist, A.T. Furtado, L.
Georghiou, Y. Li, J. Nauta, P. Panaghiotopoulos, A. Protogerou, C.
Garcia Ribeiro, J. Rigby, M. Rolfstam, L. Tsipouri, E. Uyarra, V.
Valovirta, H. van Meerveld, N.S. Vonortas, G. Whyles, J. Yeow, J.M.
Zabala-Iturriagagoitia
There has been a dramatic increase in expenditures on public goods
over the past thirty years, particularly in the area of research
and development. As governments explore the many opportunities for
growth in this area, they - and the general public - are becoming
increasingly concerned with the transparency, accountability and
performance of public programs. This pioneering Handbook offers a
collection of critical essays on the theory and practice of program
evaluation, written by some of the most well-known experts in the
field. As this volume demonstrates, a wide variety of methodologies
exists to evaluate particularly the objectives and outcomes of
research and development programs. These include surveys,
statistical and econometric estimations, patent analyses,
bibliometrics, scientometrics, network analyses, case studies, and
historical tracings. Contributors divide these and other methods
and applications into four categories - economic, non-economic,
hybrid and data-driven - in order to discuss the many factors that
affect the utility of each technique and how that impacts the
technological, economic and societal forecasts of the programs in
question. Scholars, practitioners and students with an interest in
economics and innovation will all find this Handbook an invaluable
resource. Contributors include: S. Arvanitis, B. Bozeman, S.
Casault, S.E. Casey, I. Feller, M.P. Gallaher, D.O. Gray, A.J.
Groen, D. Hicks, J.E. Jankowski, G.B. Jordan, G. Kingsley, A.N.
Link, J.D. Linton, R.J. Loomis, J. Melkers, A.C. O Connor, D.
Rivers, R. Ruegg, J.T. Scott, P. Thomas, N.S. Vonortas
The last twenty years have witnessed a tremendous increase in
industrial collaboration in research and development (R&D) both
in Europe and the world at large. Firms have increasingly opted for
collaboration in an effort to deal with the uncertainties that stem
from rising research costs, rapid technological change and the
development of a network economy. Governments have been quick to
support this trend in order to promote competitiveness and, in the
European context, to foster cohesion. The contributions collected
in this volume focus explicitly on cooperative R&D in Europe.
The first part of the book offers empirical evidence on the extent,
scope and direction of this collaboration and explores the motives
and problems of the participating firms, as well as the perceived
benefits they have enjoyed. The second part deals with the
difficult policy issues that diverse national R&D regimes
create for successful cooperative research and international
convergence. The extensive survey results of European firms allow
the authors to compare collaborative research policies in various
EU countries and contrast the policy design that has emerged in the
EU with that of the USA. This book offers the most comprehensive
account of collaborative industrial research in Europe and explores
both the business strategies that have motivated it and the public
policies that have promoted it. Academics, graduate students,
government agencies and European institutions involved in science
and technology policy and R&D management will find this volume
to be invaluable. It will also be of great practical use to
companies interested in forming strategic technical alliances.
As a result of globalization, strategies for investments in
innovation capabilities have gained considerably in importance for
businesses, research institutions and policymakers. Public policy
has to provide conditions for investments in R&D and innovation
that are internationally attractive and effective in stimulating
innovation, economic growth and job creation. This book focuses on
the changing roles and challenges of innovation and growth policy,
and the strategies and measures that are critical in a globalizing
world. It provides guidance for innovation policy strategy
formulations and design of innovation policy measures.Globalization
and the innovation imperative towards sustained economic growth
require a major renewal and deepening of public policy thinking and
strategies. This book focuses on these policy challenges, and the
policy strategies and measures that are critical for innovation and
growth in a globalizing world. Topics include: globalization and
offshoring of software, the multilateral trading system and
competition, innovative entrepreneurship, research frameworks and
innovation awards, the globalization of converging
nanotechnologies, and the relationship between knowledge and
innovation. Science and technology policy makers, university
professors and graduate students in public policy, innovation,
business and economics will find much of value in this book.
This book provides a concise introduction to important aspects of
contemporary innovation policy, with particular emphasis on its
impact on economic growth and development. It addresses a
non-specialist audience interested in quickly building background
knowledge, getting familiar with the terminology, and understanding
core concerns and debates in this area of policy. The book has its
origins in a more extensive report to the World Bank prepared to
impart background information to middle- and upper-level policy
decision-makers and analysts as well as stakeholders from industry
and universities from developing countries prior to engaging in
intensive "how-to" policy training. Our audience also includes
upper-level undergraduate and graduate students embarking on the
study of innovation policy. Featuring contributions from leading
scholars and policy experts, this volume references critical
readings presents a wide array of data, on the following topics:
Fundamentals of Innovation Policy for Growth and Development
University Entrepreneurship Strategic Alliances /
Knowledge-Intensive Partnerships Clusters / Science Parks /
Knowledge Business Incubators High Risk Finance Intellectual
Property, Standards
Cooperation in Research and Development provides an empirical and
theoretical analysis of a distinct form of inter-firm collaboration
in Research & Development (R&D): research joint ventures
(RJVs). Of all types of cooperation, RJVs have received the most
attention in both formal industrial organization and science and
technology policy literature. The emerging theoretical economic
literature on incentives of firms to join RJVs has not been
followed by much empirical work. Cooperation in Research and
Development attempts to fill the void caused by this lack of
consistent data on the rate of RJV formation, RJV characteristics,
and RJV member characteristics. Significant attention is paid to
the role of RJVs in facilitating `virtual' firm diversification as
necessary to pursue particular technological objectives. An effort
is also made to blend the reported theoretical and empirical
analyses with conceptual models of the process of technological
innovation and models of industrial evolution in order to provide
answers beyond the reach of the received economic theory.
Cooperation in Research and Development should be of interest to
academic economists, policy makers, and business representatives.
The microeconomic issues the book deals with overlap significantly
with the interests of decision makers both in government and
business.
Cooperation in Research and Development provides an empirical and
theoretical analysis of a distinct form of inter-firm collaboration
in Research & Development (R&D): research joint ventures
(RJVs). Of all types of cooperation, RJVs have received the most
attention in both formal industrial organization and science and
technology policy literature. The emerging theoretical economic
literature on incentives of firms to join RJVs has not been
followed by much empirical work. Cooperation in Research and
Development attempts to fill the void caused by this lack of
consistent data on the rate of RJV formation, RJV characteristics,
and RJV member characteristics. Significant attention is paid to
the role of RJVs in facilitating virtual' firm diversification as
necessary to pursue particular technological objectives. An effort
is also made to blend the reported theoretical and empirical
analyses with conceptual models of the process of technological
innovation and models of industrial evolution in order to provide
answers beyond the reach of the received economic theory.
Cooperation in Research and Development should be of interest to
academic economists, policy makers, and business representatives.
The microeconomic issues the book deals with overlap significantly
with the interests of decision makers both in government and
business.
This informative book provides an extensive study in the fields of
industry structure, firm strategy and public policy through the use
of network concepts and indicators. It also elucidates many of the
complexities and challenges involved. The contributors explore the
role of networks in industries, reflecting a belief that some of
the most important analytical and policy questions related to
networks must fully consider the industry level. This includes
examining the very structure of industries, the role of
relationships in different sectoral systems of production and
innovation, and the delineation of real industry boundaries.
Innovation Networks in Industries will be a useful enhancement to
the studies of postgraduate students in the fields of innovation,
industrial economics and strategy. It will also be an invaluable
guidance tool for academic researchers and policy-makers.
This informative book provides an extensive study in the fields of
industry structure, firm strategy and public policy through the use
of network concepts and indicators. It also elucidates many of the
complexities and challenges involved. The contributors explore the
role of networks in industries, reflecting a belief that some of
the most important analytical and policy questions related to
networks must fully consider the industry level. This includes
examining the very structure of industries, the role of
relationships in different sectoral systems of production and
innovation, and the delineation of real industry boundaries.
Innovation Networks in Industries will be a useful enhancement to
the studies of postgraduate students in the fields of innovation,
industrial economics and strategy. It will also be an invaluable
guidance tool for academic researchers and policy-makers.
Innovation Barriers, Indicators and Policies explores the
historical coevolution of these three core concepts in the field:
barriers, indicators, and policies. The authors show how these
concepts have coevolved and reinforced each other throughout the
history of Innovation Studies. This detailed historical review on
the general conception of innovation is warranted in order to
support a clear understanding of innovation barriers, indicators,
and related policies as they have been shaped and co-evolved
through time. Based on the thorough review of innovation barriers
undertaken herein, we see that financial and non-financial
obstacles do not affect the innovation output directly. Instead
they impede the effect of the innovation determinants, whether
these determinants are firm-specific, network-specific, or
referring to the contextual environment. Section 2 presents a
thorough discussion on the historical evolution of the innovation
concept and its connection to the concepts of barriers, indicators,
and policies. Section 3 discusses the beginnings of the measurement
of innovation barriers, as well as the linkage between the study of
obstacles to innovation and a policy-driven approach towards
scientific and technological progress. Finally, Section 4 concludes
with the main findings and avenues for future study.
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