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Wound healing is a complex procedure involving a variety of cells,
cytokines and growth factors. Disregulation of this procedure leads
to chronic, slow-to-heal wounds, a complication commonly found in
diabetes. Diabetes results in hyperglycemia which in turn damage
blood vessels and nerves, leading to delayed wound healing that
often requires lower limb amputation. Low Level Laser Therapy
(LLLT), commonly known as phototherapy, has emerged as an
alternative treatment; it abates the inflammatory reaction and
stimulates wound healing. Despite the advocacy of this treatment,
there has been a reluctance to accept it due to a lack of an
understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action. The effect of
wavelength, beam type, energy output, energy level, energy
intensity and exposure regime remain unexplained, and no
therapeutic window for dosimetry and mechanism of action has been
determined at the level of individual cells types. Both clinicians
and researchers will find this book helpful as it provides a basic
understanding of the cellular and molecular effects of laser
irradiation on diabetic wounded cells in vitro.
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