Cloud computing continues to emerge as a subject of substantial industrial and academic interest. Although the meaning and scope of "cloud computing" continues to be debated, the current notion of clouds blurs the distinctions between grid services, web services, and data centers, among other areas. Clouds also bring considerations of lowering the cost for relatively bursty applications to the fore. Cloud Computing: Principles, Systems and Applications is an essential reference/guide that provides thorough and timely examination of the services, interfaces and types of applications that can be executed on cloud-based systems. The book identifies and highlights state-of-the-art techniques and methods for designing cloud systems, presents mechanisms and schemes for linking clouds to economic activities, and offers balanced coverage of all related technologies that collectively contribute towards the realization of cloud computing. With an emphasis on the conceptual and systemic links between cloud computing and other distributed computing approaches, this text also addresses the practical importance of efficiency, scalability, robustness and security as the four cornerstones of quality of service. Topics and features: explores the relationship of cloud computing to other distributed computing paradigms, namely peer-to-peer, grids, high performance computing and web services; presents the principles, techniques, protocols and algorithms that can be adapted from other distributed computing paradigms to the development of successful clouds; includes a Foreword by Professor Mark Baker of the University of Reading, UK; examines current cloud-practical applications and highlights early deployment experiences; elaborates the economic schemes needed for clouds to become viable business models. This book will serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers and students engaged in cloud computing. Professional system architects, technical managers, and IT consultants will also find this unique text a practical guide to the application and delivery of commercial cloud services. Prof. Nick Antonopoulos is Head of the School of Computing, University of Derby, UK. Dr. Lee Gillam is a Lecturer in the Department of Computing at the University of Surrey, UK.

The climate change is primarily caused by the greenhouse effect that increases through human activities and more specifically by carbon dioxide (CO2). This mainly happens because of the human need to produce more energy, so it can be used in services and in production. Obviously WWW is part of the problem since it is supported by a large number of data centers, which main function is to provide guaranteed reliable service, security and connectivity to the rest of the Internet via a high-capacity backbone. Data centers consume significant amounts of energy. According to News York Times data centers in the United States consume more than 1 billion watts of electricity each year. The aim of this book is to study possible methods that can be applied to media websites in order to reduce power consumption and to educate internet users on environmental issues. Some of the issues that the study addresses are: Whether the servers are powered by renewable sources of energy, the ecological graphic design of the websites, and the existence of energy saving mode, the prevention of printing articles, whether newspapers inform their readers about environmental issues and the interdependence or participation in actions related to environment protection.