This is the third collection of articles by Nina GarsoA-an on Early Armenian history and civilization. A number of articles included here continue earlier investigations of Iranian and Byzantine political and, especially, doctrinal and social influences on Medieval Armenia, precariously wedged between the two super-powers of the period, Byzantium and Sasanian Persia. A second theme is the development of the autocephalous Armenian Church as it freed itself from foreign pressures and achieved its own dogmatic position. Last, several studies consider some inadequacies in some recent historiography and suggest a more promising redirection in our approach to Armenian history and the formation of its national identity.

This is the third collection of articles by Nina GarsoA-an on Early Armenian history and civilization. A number of articles included here continue earlier investigations of Iranian and Byzantine political and, especially, doctrinal and social influences on Medieval Armenia, precariously wedged between the two super-powers of the period, Byzantium and Sasanian Persia. A second theme is the development of the autocephalous Armenian Church as it freed itself from foreign pressures and achieved its own dogmatic position. Last, several studies consider some inadequacies in some recent historiography and suggest a more promising redirection in our approach to Armenian history and the formation of its national identity.

The articles here aim to develop and expand Professor GarsoA-an's earlier research on the bilateral influences on Early-Christian Armenia, between Byzantium and the Sasanians. On the one hand, they continue her examination of Armenia's essentially Iranian society and institutions in the 4th-7th centuries; on the other, they are directed to an investigation of its autocephalous Church. This maintained relations with the Antiochene Christological school it shared with the Church of Persia longer than has been generally admitted, but simultaneously brought about an ideological transformation through which Christianity came to define the Armenian identity in the national tradition.

The late fifth-century anonymous Epic Histories, formerly known as the History of Armenia attributed to another unknown P'awstos (Faustos) Buzand, form the earliest historical work written in Armenian. They are the main source for our knowledge of social structure, beliefs and customs of early Christian Armenia, and especially of the profound and lasting influence of Zoroastrian Persia on the recently converted country. This influence is evident in the very composition of the work, which owes as much to the lost oral tradition of the Iranian epic as to more familiar Classical and early Christian models. Hence, it is unmatched for the reconstruction of the ambivalent world of the Near East in Late Antiquity at the cross roads between Classical and Iranian civilizations. Since no scholarly translation of this work into any Western language has been attempted for more than a century, much of its contribution has remained beyond the reach of most scholars. The aim of the present publication is to fill this lacuna by complementing the translation of the original Armenian text with a Commentary and Appendices that are intended to serve not only Armenian scholars but Classicists and Iranians alike.

Cette etude de developpement historique de l'Eglise armenienne durant la periode pre-islamique des grandes controverses christologiques s'adresse particulierement a ses relations avec la Perse sassanide dont l'importance n'a pas ete suffisamment appreciee jusqu'a present dans les analyses de l'etendue de sa propre evolution et des circonstances et causes de sa rupture eventuelle avec les Eglises de Byzance et de Georgie. Cet examen a ete base en large partie sur les documents officiels contemporains qui ont ete traduits in extenso dans son appendice (Peeters 1998)