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Natural resources often stretch across borders that separate modern
nation states. This can create conflict and limit opportunities for
regulated consumption of their goods and services, but also provide
opportunities for joint multinational efforts that exceed single
country capabilities. This book illustrates the diversity of
transborder natural resources, the pressures that they experience
or the opportunities that exist for multinational regulatory
regimes, monitoring and enforcement. It presents ten case studies
of transborder natural resources that are of interest to two or
more neighboring countries, and that are subject to, or in need of
bilateral or multinational coordinated management. The case studies
include the exploitation of specific marine resources in
international waters, rivers that travel through several countries
and contiguous tropical forests across national borders, and where
commodities, nature conservation or even territorial integrity are
at stake. They are drawn from across the globe, including flood
management in Western Europe, tropical forests in the Western
Amazon, hydropower development in the Mekong region of South-east
Asia, forest conservation in Central Africa and marine resource and
fisheries exploitation in the waters of Japan, South-east Asia and
Australia. Together the chapters provide a review of a wide range
of transborder natural resource examples, and the diverse
regulatory regimes that need to be devised to achieve successful
management. An introductory chapter provides a conceptual and
theoretical underpinning that can guide future research efforts on
similar cases and a concluding chapter draws major conclusions and
implications for related concepts and theories.
The studies in this volume provide an ethnography of a plantation
frontier in central Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Drawing on the
expertise of both natural scientists and social scientists, the key
focus is the process of commodification of nature that has turned
the local landscape into anthropogenic tropical forests. Analysing
the transformation of the space of mixed landscapes and multiethnic
communities-driven by trade in forest products, logging and the
cultivation of oil palm-the contributors explore the changing
nature of the environment, multispecies interactions, and the
metabolism between capitalism and nature. The project involved the
collaboration of researchers specialising in anthropology,
geography, Southeast Asian history, global history, area studies,
political ecology, environmental economics, plant ecology, animal
ecology, forest ecology, hydrology, ichthyology, geomorphology and
life-cycle assessment. Collectively, the transdisciplinary research
addresses a number of vital questions. How are material cycles and
food webs altered as a result of large-scale land-use change? How
have new commodity chains emerged while older ones have
disappeared? What changes are associated with such shifts? What are
the relationships among these three elements-commodity chains,
material cycles and food webs? Attempts to answer these questions
led the team to go beyond the dichotomy of society and nature as
well as human and non-human. Rather, the research highlights
complex relational entanglements of the two worlds, abruptly and
forcibly connected by human-induced changes in an emergent and
compelling resource frontier in maritime Southeast Asia. Chapters
'Commodification of Nature on the Plantation Frontier' and 'Into a
New Epoch: The Plantationocene' are available open access under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0
International License via link.springer.com.
A staple of postwar academic writing, "nationalism" is a
contentious and often unanalyzed abstraction. It is generally
treated as something "imagined," "fashioned," and "disseminated,"
as an idea located in the mind, in printed matter, on maps, in
symbols such as flags and anthems, and in collective memory.
"Between Frontiers" restores the nation to the social field from
which it has been abstracted by looking at how the concept shapes
the existence of people in border zones, where they live between
nations.
Noboru Ishikawa grounds his discussion of border zones in
materials gathered during two years of archival research and
fieldwork relating to the boundary that separates Malaysian from
Indonesian territory in western Borneo. His book considers how the
state maintains its national space and how people strategically
situate themselves by their community, nation, and ethnic group
designated as national territory. Examining these issues in the
context of concrete circumstances, where a village boundary
coincides with a national border, allows him to delineate the
dialectical relationship between nation-state and borderland
society both as history and as process. Scholars across the
humanities and social sciences will learn from this masterful
linking of history and ethnography, and of macro and micro
perspectives.
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