The hunting of horses by Magdalenians and Early Aziliens in the Paris Basin has never before been the object of a detailed study. This work thus brings to light the interactions between these human societies and the populations of horses within the palaeo-environmental framework of the Late Glacial. The original approach developed here is based on the elaboration of palaeo-ecological models concerning hunting practices in terms of tactics and strategies of hunting. Analysis of the exploitation of horses allows the author to highlight socio-economic patterns of Magdalenian and Early Azilian groups, and their integration within the Late Glacial regional landscape of the Paris Basin. French text.