An uncompromising portrait of identity, family, religion, race, and class that "cuts to the bone" (Publishers Weekly, starred review) told through Omer Aziz's incisive and luminous prose. In a tough neighborhood on the outskirts of Toronto, miles away from wealthy white downtown, Omer Aziz struggles to find his place as a first-generation Pakistani Muslim boy. He fears the violence and despair of the world around him, and sees a dangerous path ahead, succumbing to aimlessness, apathy, and rage. In his senior year of high school, Omer quickly begins to realize that education can open up the wider world. But as he falls in love with books, and makes his way to Queen's University in Ontario, Sciences Po in Paris, Cambridge University in England, and finally Yale Law School, he continually confronts his own feelings of doubt and insecurity at being an outsider, a brown-skinned boy in an elite white world. He is searching for community and identity, asking questions of himself and those he encounters, and soon finds himself in difficult situations--whether in the suburbs of Paris or at the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. Yet the more books Omer reads and the more he moves through elite worlds, his feelings of shame and powerlessness only grow stronger, and clear answers recede further away. Weaving together his powerful personal narrative with the books and friendships that move him, Aziz wrestles with the contradiction of feeling like an Other and his desire to belong to a Western world that never quite accepts him. He poses the questions he couldn't have asked in his youth: Was assimilation ever really an option? Could one transcend the perils of race and class? And could we--the collective West--ever honestly confront the darker secrets that, as Aziz discovers, still linger from the past? In Brown Boy, Omer Aziz has written an eye-opening book that eloquently describes the complex process of creating an identity that fuses where he's from, what people see in him, and who he knows himself to be.

  Brown Boy is an uncompromising interrogation of identity, family, religion, race, and class, told through Omer Aziz’s incisive and luminous prose. In the early 2000s, Toronto, Omer Aziz’s working-class neighbourhood is miles away from the wealthy white downtown. A first-generation Pakistani Muslim boy, Omer struggles to find his place in a world of violence and uncertainty, torn between cultures old and new. Dreading the aimless, angry future that he sees other young men succumbing to, Omer clings to his love for books and education, dreaming of a wider world.   That dream sees him through some of the most prestigious international institutions, from Ontario to Paris to Cambridge—and finally to Yale Law School. Yet despite his success, Omer has never banished the insecurities and doubts that come with being an outsider; a brown-skinned boy in an elite white universe that has never really accepted him. The more books he reads and the higher Omer soars, the stronger his need for community and identity becomes, pushing him to question everything and everyone around him. Was assimilation ever really an option? Can you truly transcend the barriers of race and class in a system that throws up obstacles at every turn? And can we—the collective West—ever honestly confront the darkness and consequences of our past?   Weaving together Omer’s powerful personal narrative with the stories and people that moved him, Brown Boy is an articulation of contradictions, displacement, and belonging. It’s a book for anybody who has ever felt unwanted or out of place; a testament to the complex process of creating an identity that fuses where you’re from, what people see in you, and who you know yourself to be. "A sterling portrait of personal revelation, cuts to the bone." -- Publisher's Weekly (starred review) "A brilliant and moving memoir of, among other things, class migration and the choices made by outsiders. Aziz writes with sensitivity and honesty about the tensions between growing up in a working class immigrant home and the worlds of elite education and politics. This book will surely make it onto any reading list exploring the twin preoccupations of our time: race and class." -- Zia Haider Rahman, author of In The Light of What We Know  "Omer Aziz’s astonishing journey from economic hardship and violence to Yale and becoming a foreign policy advisor would be fascinating even if it didn’t tell us things we absolutely need to know: Why have the white and minority communities withdrawn into their separate corners; what can be done to bring them together? An essential memoir." -- Akhil Sharma, author of Family Life and An Obedient Father. “This breathtaking, brilliant memoir had me from page one—I couldn’t put it down. Omer Aziz is a poet, his writing luminous. Brown Boy is eye-opening, achingly honest, alternately hilarious and heartbreaking—an unforgettable book.� —Amy Chua, author of Political Tribes and Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother "Brown Boy is a poignant, unflinching exploration of cultural identity: the roles we perform, the ways we are misperceived, and the conflicted feelings we can have about our pasts. Omer Aziz illuminates what it is like to be the child of immigrants and the unique invisibility that comes with being South Asian. I saw myself reflected in these pages. How rare, to encounter one’s story with such candor and vulnerability. How rare, and how necessary." —Maya Shanbhag Lang, author of What We Carry, a New York Times Editors’ Choice

This book compared the effectiveness of sequential therapy to standard triple therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter Pylori which is the main known cause of gastritis gastro-duodenal ulcer disease and gastric cancer. However, after more than 20 years of experience in H. pylori treatment, the ideal regimen to treat this infection has still to be found. Currently, apart from having a good knowledge of first-line eradication regimens, clinicians involved in the treatment of diseases caused by this pathogen must also be prepared to accept failures. Therefore, those involved in the design of a treatment strategy should not focus on the results of primary therapy alone, but also the make choices regarding a 'rescue' based on the overall eradication rate. According to several international guidelines, the first-line therapy for treating H. pylori infection consists of a proton pump inhibitor with any of two antibiotics, given for a 7-14 day period. However, even with these recommended regimens, H. pylori eradication failure is still observed in more than 20% of patients, and the failure rate of first-line therapy may be higher in clinical practice. Therefore, an alternative sequen