Daylighting has been a part of built forms throughout architectural history. Interest in using daylighting as a major design element has varied with the social and economic forces of the time. Since 1973, interest in daylighting has increased as a result of oil embargo and the understanding that electric lighting represents a major energy consumer. Energy savings achieved through the use of daylight also translate into energy cost savings from reduced electricity consumption for lighting and cooling as well as from reduced needs during peak demand periods in many building. The objective of this paper is to explain the great importance for daylighting and the role played in design process for the building and the participation in the design from the first step which effects the designer decision for dimensions, position for the opening and the building orientation, etc... Which give the psychological comfort for building user and how to control the heat transfer throw opening by using different materials and using simulation programs which give to the designer a clear image for what will be a situation all the year around.

As result of globalization, new notion called the global problems has appeared such as the financial crisis, global warming, and Climate change and biodiversity affecting the whole world in general and the third world developing countries in particular resulting from the developed countries actions. One of these solutions is using the nanotechnology and the environmental materials in architecture so as to reduce energy consumption in the public buildings to reduce its heat emissions. Hence, reaching the main purpose of this study finding the best ways to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions harming the environment. Also on the private or individual level, it leads to zero carbon architecture through using nanotechnology, and nanoarchitecture. This will be done through case studies in Bibliotheca Alexandrina, it is to convert the building to be environmentally friendly and based on renewable energy and to minimize the consumption of the building for electricity generated from burning of petroleum products without influence a performance of the building and the performance of his job required him to even raise the operational efficiency and interaction with users.