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This book is dedicated to international cooperation, understanding
and peace. It is the end result of several years of cooperative
work between scientists of three countries: the United States,
Germany, and Portugal. The work presented, however, draws from a
much broader base, hopefully achieving the objective of NATO
Advanced Research Workshops, which have been established to allow
and stimulate the exchange of new ideas and the synthesis of
information by scientists of NATO countries. The tasks of the
workshop were several; to review established methodologies that
have provided insight into ecosystem function and adaptations of
plants in mediterranean climate zones; to examine new methodologies
that have recently been applied in ecological studies and have
provided new types of information; to summarize recent studies in
mediterranean regions of plant water relations, photosynthesis and
production, mineral nutrition, plant growth and development, and
response to fire; to stimulate in particular an exchange of
information among scientists of European Mediterranean countries;
and to discuss means by which all of these objectives might be even
more effectively achieved in the future through cooperative
international research efforts. This variety of themes is clearly
evident in the layout of the book. Held in Sesimbra, Portugal in
October of 1985, the workshop took place in a ..
O. L. LANGE, P. S. NOBEL, C. B. OSMOND, and H. ZIEGLER In the
original series of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, plant
water relations and photosynthesis were treated separately, and the
connection between phenomena was only considered in special
chapters. O. STOCKER edited Vol ume III, Pjlanze und Wasser/Water
Relations of Plants in 1956, and 4 years later, Volume V, Parts I
and 2, Die COrAssimilation/The Assimilation of Carbon Dioxide
appeared, edited by A. PIRSON. Until recently, there has also been
a tendency to cover these aspects of plant physiology separately in
most text books. Without doubt, this separation is justifiable. If
one is specifically inter ested, for example in photosynthetic
electron transport, in details of photophos phorylation, or in
carbon metabolism in the Calvin cycle, it is not necessary to ask
how these processes relate to the water relations of the plant.
Accordingly, this separate coverage has been maintained in the New
Series of the Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. The two volumes
devoted exclusively to photosynthesis are Volume 5, Photosynthesis
I, edited by A. TREBST and M. AVRON, and Volume 6, Photosynthesis
II, edited by M. GIBBS and E. LATZKO. When consider ing carbon
assimilation and plant water relations from an ecological point of
view, however, we have to recognize that this separation is
arbitrary."
During the last decade, forest decline has become increasingly
apparent. The decline in forest health was often reported to be
associated with air pollution. The present study on Norway spruce
stands in the Fichtelgebirge analyses various processes interacting
within forest ecosystems. It covers transport and deposition of air
pollutants, the direct effects of pollutants on above-ground plant
parts, the responses of soil to acid rain, and the changing
nutrient availability, and the accompanying effects on plant
metabolism and growth. The role of fungi, microorganisms and soil
animals in the decline of these stands is also assessed. The volume
is concluded with a synthesis evaluation of the influence of
different factors, and their interactions on forest decline.
In arid lands, where vegetation is sparse or absent, the open ground is not bare but generally covered by a community of small, highly specialized organisms. Cyanobacteria, algae, microfungi, lichens, and bryophytes aggregate soil particles to form a coherent skin - the biological soil crust. It stabilizes and protects the soil surface from erosion by wind and water, influences water runoff and infiltration, and contributes nitrogen and carbon to desert soils. Soil surface disturbance, such as heavy livestock grazing, human trampling or off-road vehicles, breaks up the fragile soil crust, thus compromising its stability, structure, and productivity. This book is the first synthesis of the biology of soil crusts and their importance as an ecosystem component. Composition and functioning of different soil-crust types are discussed, and case studies are used to show the impact of crusts on landscape hydrology, soil stability, nutrient cycles, and land management.
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CONPAR '86, v. 237 - Conference on Algorithms and Hardware for Parallel Processing, Aachen, September 17 - 19, 1986, Proceedings (English, German, Paperback, 1986 ed.)
W. Handler, Dieter Haupt, Rolf Jelitsch, Wilfried Juling, Otto L. Lange
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R1,683
Discovery Miles 16 830
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Out of stock
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