Cattle productivity depends largely on reproductive efficiency and is often measured by number of off-spring per breeding animal per unit of time. Cattle suffer to a large extent from the postpartum reproductive disorders which cause great economic losses to the dairy farmers. This is due to lack of essential minerals and vitamins, improper functioning of reproductive organs and poor follicular development in cows. Therefore treatment with different medicaments are essential to control the infertility problem besides proper feeding and health control. This book explains about various treatments including genital massage of reproductive organs on postpartum infertility problem especially postpartum anestrus in dairy cattle and its effects on biochemical profiles of blood. This book will be useful for dairy farmers, cattle breeders and scientists and will enhance reproductive performance in cost effective manner.

The health and disease related information in captive sloth bears is still in a state of infancy in India. Understanding the health related parameters and evidence of diseases in captive-reared bears will be significantly helpful towards enriching the management of captive bears in India. This book is born out of my research work to document the base-line haematological and biochemical data, occurrence of infectious and parasitic diseases, daytime activity pattern in selected captive bears reared, to formulate suitable environmental management measures and to suggest measures that can strengthen the management of health status in captive bears.

Buffalo is the most common milch animal reared after cattle in the world Buffalo has unique ability to utilize coarse feed straw and crop residue and convert them into protein and fat rich lean meat. Today, in buffalo rearing countries, buffalo is recognizing as farmers milk machine. The reproductive performance of buffaloes is not good as compared to the cattle. There are many ways to improve the reproductive performance in buffaloes. The one is proper postpartum management and weaning of buffalo calves. Weaning not only improves the reproductive performance but also increases the milk production and milk yield. This book will help to the buffalo farmers and buffalo researchers how to wean the buffalo calves, period of weaning and alternative milk replacers to calves to increase the reproductive and productive performance in cost effective manner.

Foot and Mouth Disease cause severe economic losses to the mithun farmers in north eastern hilly region especially Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Arunachale Pradesh. Regular preventive and prophylactic vaccination is very much needed in mithun rearing areas. But the vaccination causes severe adverse effects on the reproduction and production performance both in male and female mithun. In this book, effect of FMD vaccination on mithun reproduction especially semen production, semen quality, antioxidant and biochemical profiles of mithun semen are described. This book will be helpful to the mithun breeders and mithun farmers to improve the fertility in artificial breeding centers and will enhance reproductive performance in cost effective manner.

Mithun (Bos frontalis), a unique free - range bovine species available in the North Eastern hill region of India. Recent statistics indicates that the mithun population is decreasing gradually due to lack of suitable breeding bulls, increase in intensive inbreeding practices, etc. in this region. Greater efforts are required from all quarters to preserve the mithun population. Since mithuns are semi wild animal and not fully domesticated, natural breeding is practiced in this species with accompanied limitations like cost and disease transmission. Thus, use of artificial insemination and frozen semen technology for improvement of its pedigree is utmost essential. One cause of decline of semen quality in preservation is due to the action of the reactive oxygen species generated by the cellular components of semen. The effects of lipid peroxidation include irreversible loss of motility, damage to the sperm DNA and fertility. So preservation of mithun semen with anti-oxidants such as catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione, cysteine hydrochloride, trehalose, bovine serum albumin and superoxide dismutase (SOD) are essential to offset lipid peroxidation and enhance the fertility.