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Tunnelling is a high risk business. Success depends crucially on
the nature of the ground through which the tunnel is being driven.
The cost of a thorough site investigation is usually only a small
fraction of the cost of the construction work but this crucial
phase of a project is often given too low a priority. This text
provides a review of tunnelling contracts, particularly those for
sewerage and drainage tunnels. It reviews site investigation
methods, contract preparation and tender evaluation, tunnel
costruction, claims and records, and the post-construction phase.
Examples of good and bad practice of site investigation and other
aspects of tunnelling are given, and the text is supported by over
500 references. Supplementary information in the second part of the
book expands on particular aspects such as ground vibration and
noise. Among other topics covered are quality assurance, rock
properties and testing, pollution, permeability and dewatering.
A wide ranging and up-to-date review of experience of tunnelling
contracts, particularly those for sewerage and drainage tunnels.
The review is based on the 6th edition of the ICE Conditions of
Contract, but it takes note of new forms of contract which are
leading towards less adversarial contractual relations.^
'Engineering geology' is one of those terms that invite definition.
The American Geological Institute, for example, has expanded the
term to mean 'the application of the geological sciences to
engineering practice for the purpose of assuring that the
geological factors affecting the location, design, construction,
operation and mainten ance of engineering works are recognized and
adequately provided for'. It has also been defined by W. R. Judd in
the McGraw-Hill Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology as 'the
application of education and experience in geology and other
geosciences to solve geological problems posed by civil engineering
structures'. Judd goes on to specify those branches of the
geological or geo-sciences as surface (or surficial) geology,
structural/fabric geology, geohydro logy, geophysics, soil and rock
mechanics. Soil mechanics is firmly included as a geological
science in spite of the perhaps rather unfortunate trends over the
years (now happily being reversed) towards purely mechanistic
analyses which may well provide acceptable solutions for only the
simplest geology. Many subjects evolve through their subject areas
from an interdisciplinary background and it is just such instances
that pose the greatest difficulties of definition. Since the form
of educational development experienced by the practitioners of the
subject ulti mately bears quite strongly upon the corporate concept
of the term 'engineering geology', it is useful briefly to consider
that educational background."
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