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This volume addresses the creation, documentation, preservation,
and study of the archaeology of lunar, planetary, and interstellar
exploration. It defines the attributes of common human
technological expressions within national and, increasingly,
private exploration efforts, and explore the archaeology of both
fixed and mobile artifacts in the solar system and the wider
galaxy. This book presents the research of the foremost scholars in
the field of space archaeology and heritage, a recent discipline of
the field of Space Archaeology and Heritage. It provides the
emerging archaeological perspective on the history of the human
exploration of space. Since humans have been creating a vast
archaeological preserve in space and on other celestial
bodies. This assemblage of heritage objects and sites attest
to the human presence off the Earth and the study of these material
remains are best investigated by archaeologists and historic
preservationists. As space exploration has reached the half
century mark, it is the appropriate time to reflect on the major
events and technological development of this particular unique 20th
century arena of human history. The authors encapsulate various
ways of looking at the archaeology of both fixed and mobile human
artifacts in the solar system. As missions continue into
space, and as private ventures gear up for public and tourist
visits to space and to the Moon and even Mars, it is the
appropriate time to address questions about the meaning and
significance of this material culture.
This volume addresses the creation, documentation, preservation,
and study of the archaeology of lunar, planetary, and interstellar
exploration.It defines the attributes of common human technological
expressions within national and, increasingly, private exploration
efforts, and explore the archaeology of both fixed and mobile
artifacts in the solar system and the wider galaxy.
This book presents the research of the foremost scholars in the
field of space archaeology and heritage, a recent discipline of the
field of Space Archaeology and Heritage. It provides the emerging
archaeological perspective on the history of the human exploration
of space.Since humans have been creating a vast archaeological
preserve in space and on other celestial bodies.This assemblage of
heritage objects and sites attest to the human presence off the
Earth and the study of these material remains are best investigated
by archaeologists and historic preservationists.As space
exploration has reached the half century mark, it is the
appropriate time to reflect on the major events and technological
development of this particular unique 20th century arena of human
history.
The authors encapsulate various ways of looking at the archaeology
of both fixed and mobile human artifacts in the solar system.As
missions continue into space, and as private ventures gear up for
public and tourist visits to space and to the Moon and even Mars,
it is the appropriate time to address questions about the meaning
and significance of this material culture."
Reprint of book originally published by the Historian's Office of
the United States Coast Guard in 2003. Includes maps and
photographs in full color.
One of the untold stories of World War II is the guarding of
Greenland and its coastal waters, where the first U.S. capture of
an enemy ship took place. For six months in 1942 and against
standing orders of the time, Thaddeus Nowakowski (now Novak) kept a
personal diary of his service on patrol in the North Atlantic.
Supplemented by photos from his last surviving shipmates, Novak's
diary fills a void in the story of American sailors at war in the
North Atlantic. It is the only known diary of an enlisted Coast
Guard sailor to emerge from WWII.Though the Greenland coast was of
vital importance to Allied forces, U.S. Coast Guard crews serving
there were relegated to converted fishing vessels known as wooden
shoes. Hastily commissioned in Boston to serve as escorts for
supply routes to new air bases in Greenland, ten Arctic trawlers
were transformed into the basis of the Greenland Patrol,
transporting young men who had never been away from home into a
realm of mountainous icebergs, lurking U-boats, and the alien
culture of native Greenland Eskimos. This story of the Nanok's 1942
patrol is a remarkable account of a sailor thrown into a global war
in a remote area full of environmental hardships that few endured
in World War II. Between the sudden excitements and mind-numbing
boredom of military life, Novak records the routine details of
day-to-day patrol, contacts with the native Greenlanders and their
impenetrable way of life, and actions such as the loss of the
cutter Natsek and its entire crew on the night of December 17,1942.
Not an account of grand strategy or hand-to-hand combat, this story
of a twenty-year-old petty officer on duty in the Arctic is rather
the life of an ordinary individual at war, coping with rigorous
hardships during a time of great crisis.Novak's account will be of
significant value to students of the U.S. Coast Guard and of naval
service in wartime. His illumination of the small details of a
sailor's life and perceptive observation of the arctic region and
its little-known people will appeal to anyone interested in
maritime history.
Benjamin Leigh Smith discovered and named dozens of islands in the
Arctic but published no account of his pioneering explorations. He
refused public accolades and sent stand-ins to deliver the results
of his work to scientific societies. Yet, the Royal Geographic
Society's Sir Clements R. Markham referred to him as a polar
explorer of the first rank. Travelling to the Arctic islands that
Leigh Smith explored and crisscrossing England to uncover
unpublished journals, diaries, and photographs, archaeologist and
writer P.J. Capelotti details Leigh Smith's five major Arctic
expeditions and places them within the context of the great polar
explorations in the nineteenth century.
In the summer of 2021, Norwegian explorer Bjorn Larsen and Italian
archaeologist Paolo Serengetti are completing a wide-ranging
archaeological survey along the north coast of the Norwegian Arctic
archipelago of Svalbard on board the research vessel Polar Quest.
The objective of their expedition is to locate any surviving
evidence of the disastrous 1928 Italia dirigible expedition to the
North Pole. But instead of finding the lost airship in a remote
fjord of the archipelago, they stumble instead upon a previously
unknown shipwreck. As the identity of their discovery becomes
apparent, so too does its magnitude: a submarine that appears to be
the same Nautilus described by Jules Verne in the novel 20,000
Leagues Under the Sea. It soon becomes evident to Serengetti and
Larsen that Verne's famous novel was not a dramatic imaginative
science fiction story, but a fictionalized account of an undersea
voyage that actually took place in 1867.
This book describes the 1873 voyage of the British explorer
Benjamin Leigh Smith, based on the diaries and photographs of
Lieutenant Herbert C. Chermside, who joined the expedition of the
seas around Svalbard. Chermside's photographs, long believed lost,
have recently been uncovered in Sweden and are being curated there
by the Grenna Museum. The three unpublished diaries of Herbert
Chermside were lent to the Scott Polar Research Institute in 1939
by Mrs. Benjamin Leigh Smith. For the first time, Chermside's
diaries are published in their entirety, with the original
photographs shown alongside modern images of the same locations.
This includes the first photographic record of the north coast of
Svalbard, images that are today being used as comparative data for
the study of climate change in the archipelago. The diaries have
been fully transcribed and edited. Introductory chapters are
included, written by specialists in the history of exploration,
history of science, and the history of photography from Penn State
University, the University of Gothenburg, and UiT, the Arctic
University of Norway, as well as contributors from the UK and
Germany. This volume is published in association with Grenna
Museum, which will present Chermside's photographs in a 2022
exhibit on Leigh Smith and A.E. Nordenskiold.
Discover a little-known world of archaeology Wrecked aircraft and
abandoned airfields, old highway billboards and derelict boats,
movie props, deserted mining operations. In this book,
archaeologist P.J. Capelotti explores places and things that people
don't typically think of as archaeological sites and artifacts,
introducing readers to the most extreme fieldwork taking place
today.Capelotti shows that even seemingly ordinary objects from the
recent past hold secrets about the cultural history of humans. He
investigates the site where a stunt copy of the Orca, the fishing
boat used in the movie Jaws, was stripped to pieces by fans-a
revelation of the ways humans relate to popular culture. He takes
readers to abandoned base camps near the North Pole that are now
used as destinations for Arctic tourism. Retelling the story of
Thor Heyerdahl's research expedition across the Pacific Ocean on a
balsa log raft, Capelotti shows how this episode of experimental
archaeology revealed cultural connections between continents. And
he doesn't stop at the limits of the planet. He discusses debris
floating through outer space and equipment left behind on the
surface of the moon, highlighting current efforts to preserve
artifacts that exist beyond the Earth's atmosphere. These discarded
materials, says Capelotti, help archaeologists piece together the
sweeping story of human cultural expansion and exploitation. He
explains how the unusual sites of shorelines, sea, air, and space
represent the farthest reaches of human civilization. His
enthusiasm will inspire readers to set out on their own to
investigate the secret meanings of treasures hiding in plain sight.
Franz Josef Land is a forbidding place, isolated by geography and
history. Lying above the Arctic Circle in the northernmost province
of Russia, this remote series of islands was only discovered by
Westerners in 1873, and remains little known today. A few intrepid
explorers ventured there in the late 19th century as a
stepping-stone in attempts to reach the North Pole. Chicago
journalist Walter Wellman led the first American expedition to the
archipelago as part of a polar expedition in 1898-1899. His
second-in-command, Evelyn Briggs Baldwin, kept a journal
documenting their trip. This previously unpublished journal reveals
much about one of the last great periods of exploration - including
the violence, chicanery, and racism that characterized much of
American exploration and expansion. Baldwin's journal, reproduced
here, paints a more realistic picture of the expedition than did
Wellman's communiques sent home for mass consumption.
Correspondence between Baldwin and Wellman is included, and
expedition notes list the supplies carried, descriptions of
geographic features observed in the course of the trip, and the
doctor's notes on treatments, remedies and supplies. Editor P.J.
Capelotti provides an extended introduction, and the text is
illustrated with maps, depictions of dramatic events occurring on
the trip, and several photographs.
In Gilded Age America, Arctic explorers were fabulous celebrities -
assured of riches and near-immortality so long as they reached the
North Pole first. Of the many attempts to meet that goal, three
American expeditions, launched from the Russian archipelago of
Franz Josef Land, ended in abject failure, their exploits consigned
to near-oblivion. Even so, these ventures - the Wellman expedition
(1898-99), the Baldwin-Ziegler (1901-2), and the Fiala-Ziegler
(1903-5) - have much to tell us about the personalities, politics,
and economics of exploration in their day. In The Greatest Show in
the Arctic, the first book to chronicle all three expeditions, P.
J. Capelotti explores what went right and what, in the end, went
tragically wrong. The cast of colorful characters from the Franz
Josef Land forays included Walter Wellman, a Chicago journalist and
bon vivant running from debts, his mistress, and an illegitimate
daughter; Evelyn Briggs Baldwin, a deranged meteorologist with a
fetish for balloons and a passion for Swedish conserves; and
Anthony Fiala, a pious photographer in search of God in the Arctic.
Featuring an international cast of supporting characters worthy of
a three-ring circus, The Greatest Show in the Arctic follows each
of the three expeditions in turn, from spectacular feats of
financing to their bitter ends. Along the way, the explorers
accumulated considerable geographic knowledge and left a legacy of
place-names. Through close study of the expeditions' journals,
Capelotti reveals that the Franz Josef Land endeavors foundered
chiefly because of poor leadership and internal friction, not for
lack of funding, as historians have previously suspected.
Presenting tales of noble intentions, novel inventions, and epic
miscalculations, The Greatest Show in the Arctic brings fresh life
to a unique and underappreciated story of American exploration.
Norways Spitsbergen Archipelago, known as Svalbard to the
Norwegians, is of increasing interest to Arctic scholars and
geographers, as well as to military historians and analysts of
strategy. It was the farthest northern battleground between German
and Allied forces in World War II; it became a political arena for
Soviet and U.S. competition during the Cold War; it is now a field
of conflict for fishing rights and cultural resource protection;
and it serves as a laboratory for the study of global warming. This
unique island group occupies a fascinating place in European,
Russian, and American affairs. Here, for the first time, is the
complete report compiled by U.S. Intelligence at the beginning of
World War II evaluating the islands both geographically and
militarily, as well as a report on the archipelago produced by the
CIA in 1950. This comprehensive report--never superseded in the
years since--has been edited and introduced by P.J. Capelotti. It
provides in great detail the American perspective on these islands
and their strategic, economic, and geologic value. Maps and
illustrations are included, some from the original report, some
new. A glossary covers Arctic terms.
Providing a unified catalog of archaeological artifacts that have
been left behind in space as a result of human exploration, this
book describes the remnants of lost satellites, discarded lunar
rovers, depleted rockets, and various abandoned spacecrafts. The
book is divided into three parts covering distinct but
interconnected issues of lunar, planetary, and interstellar
archaeology. In Parts One and Two, individual chapters cover the
history of each space mission, along with technical notes and, in
some cases, images of the artifacts in question. Part Three
explores the archaeology of mobile artifacts in the Solar System
and the wider galaxy, looking particularly at the problems
encountered in attempting a traditional archaeological field survey
of artifacts that may remain in motion indefinitely.
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