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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This volume
presents an Empirical Model of Global Climate developed by the
authors and uses that model to show that global warming will likely
remain below 2C, relative to preindustrial, throughout this century
provided: a) both the unconditional and conditional Paris INDC
commitments are followed; b) the emission reductions needed to
achieve the Paris INDCs are carried forward to 2060 and beyond. The
first section of the book provides a short overview of Earth's
climate system, describing and contrasting climatic changes
throughout the planet's history and anthropogenic changes
post-Industrial Revolution. The second section describes the
climate model developed by the authors (Canty et al., Atmospheric
Chemistry and Physics, 2013) and contrasts the model with climate
models used in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
2013 Report. Chapter 3 examines both the unconditional (i.e., firm
commitments) and conditional Paris INDCs (commitments contingent on
financial flow and/or technology transfer) through the lens of
their climate model and concludes that if all of the Paris INDCs
are followed, then they are indeed a beacon of hope for Earth's
climate. The fourth part of the book offers a perspective of energy
needs and subsequent emissions reductions required to meet the
Paris temperature goals, illuminating challenges faced both in the
developing world and the developed world. Throughout the book,
easy-to-understand charts and graphics illustrate concepts. The
scientific basis of Chapters 2 and 3 was first presented in a
keynote session of the 96th Annual Meeting of the American
Meteorological Society in January, 2016.
P. S. HOPE and M. J. FOLKES Mixing two or more polymers together to
produce blends or alloys is a well-established strategy for
achieving a specified portfolio of physical proper ties, without
the need to synthesise specialised polymer systems. The subject is
vast and has been the focus of much work, both theoretical and
experimental. Much ofthe earlier work in this field was necessarily
empirical and many ofthe blends produced were of academic rather
than commercial interest. The manner in which two (or more)
polymers are compounded together is of vital importance in
controlling the properties of blends. Moreover, particular ly
through detailed rheological studies, it is becoming apparent that
process ing can provide a wide range of blend microstructures. In
an extreme, this is exemplified by the in situ formation of fibres
resulting from the imposition of predetermined flow fields on
blends, when in the solution or melt state. The microstructures
produced in this case transform the blend into a true fibre
composite; this parallels earlier work on the deformation of metal
alloys. This type of processing-structure-property correlation
opens up many new possi bilities for innovative applications; for
example, the production of stiff fibre composites and blends having
anisotropic transport properties, such as novel membranes. This
book serves a dual purpose."
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This volume
presents an Empirical Model of Global Climate developed by the
authors and uses that model to show that global warming will likely
remain below 2C, relative to preindustrial, throughout this century
provided: a) both the unconditional and conditional Paris INDC
commitments are followed; b) the emission reductions needed to
achieve the Paris INDCs are carried forward to 2060 and beyond. The
first section of the book provides a short overview of Earth's
climate system, describing and contrasting climatic changes
throughout the planet's history and anthropogenic changes
post-Industrial Revolution. The second section describes the
climate model developed by the authors (Canty et al., Atmospheric
Chemistry and Physics, 2013) and contrasts the model with climate
models used in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
2013 Report. Chapter 3 examines both the unconditional (i.e., firm
commitments) and conditional Paris INDCs (commitments contingent on
financial flow and/or technology transfer) through the lens of
their climate model and concludes that if all of the Paris INDCs
are followed, then they are indeed a beacon of hope for Earth's
climate. The fourth part of the book offers a perspective of energy
needs and subsequent emissions reductions required to meet the
Paris temperature goals, illuminating challenges faced both in the
developing world and the developed world. Throughout the book,
easy-to-understand charts and graphics illustrate concepts. The
scientific basis of Chapters 2 and 3 was first presented in a
keynote session of the 96th Annual Meeting of the American
Meteorological Society in January, 2016.
P. S. HOPE and M. J. FOLKES Mixing two or more polymers together to
produce blends or alloys is a well-established strategy for
achieving a specified portfolio of physical proper ties, without
the need to synthesise specialised polymer systems. The subject is
vast and has been the focus of much work, both theoretical and
experimental. Much ofthe earlier work in this field was necessarily
empirical and many ofthe blends produced were of academic rather
than commercial interest. The manner in which two (or more)
polymers are compounded together is of vital importance in
controlling the properties of blends. Moreover, particular ly
through detailed rheological studies, it is becoming apparent that
process ing can provide a wide range of blend microstructures. In
an extreme, this is exemplified by the in situ formation of fibres
resulting from the imposition of predetermined flow fields on
blends, when in the solution or melt state. The microstructures
produced in this case transform the blend into a true fibre
composite; this parallels earlier work on the deformation of metal
alloys. This type of processing-structure-property correlation
opens up many new possi bilities for innovative applications; for
example, the production of stiff fibre composites and blends having
anisotropic transport properties, such as novel membranes. This
book serves a dual purpose."
This short story collection is enchanted. If you cannot resist
whimsical imaginings with delicious twists, then treat yourself, to
these poetic essays and storytelling poems... Imagine a sci-fi
mind-body-spirit fusion tale involving futuristic technology,
portals, parallel lives and loves, with a little time travel. The
Ice Queen is an assassin at the top of her game, so just why is she
fooling around with one of her besotted apprentices? If you could
replay the last conversation you wished to have with an ex, while
you are both trapped in a lift, what would you say? A playboy
rescues a skeletal 'damsel in distress' much older than him, only
to find out she is his saviour. These are just some of the people
and situations that are perceptively explored in a voice ripe
enough to lay bare the truth of the heart. You cannot make anyone
love you.
How did I get here? Those were the words that David Hope thought as
his boat, Summer Heat, was tossed in a storm on its way to the
Bahamas. This book is the true story of his life, from his first
experiences in sailing through his career as a Chesterfield County,
Virginia Police Officer up until his ship was caught in a
devastating storm. It's a story of humor, heroics, good luck and
bad luck that recounts the tale of David and his crew (including
Jammer the Wonder Dog), as they struggled to survive on Summer
Heat. When disaster strikes, you need everything you have learned
in life.
Reggae and Dancehall music and culture have travelled far beyond
the shores of the tiny island of Jamaica to find their respective
places as new genres of music and lifestyle. In Reggae from Yaad,
Donna Hope pulls together a remarkable cast of contributors
offering contemporary interpretations of the history, culture,
significance and social dynamics of Jamaican Popular Music from
varying geographical and disciplinary locations. From Alan 'Skill'
Cole's lively and frank account of the Bob Marley he knew and David
Katz's conversation with veteran music producers Bunny 'Striker'
Lee, King Jammy and Bobby Digital; to Heather Augustyn and Shara
Rambarran who both explore the role of music in the relationship
between Britain and Jamaica in the post-independence 1960s, the
contributors bring a new dimension to the discussion on the impact
of Jamaican music. Drawn from a selection of presentations at the
2013 International Reggae Conference in Kingston, Jamaica, Reggae
from Yaad continues the ever-evolving discourse on the meaning
behind the music and the cultural and social developments that
inform Jamaican Popular Music. Contributors: Heather Augustyn -
Winston C. Campbell - Alan 'Skill' Cole - Brent Hagerman - Patrick
Helber - Donna P. Hope - David Katz - Anna Kasafi Perkins - Shara
Rambarran - Jose Luis Fanjul Rivero - Livingston A. White
International Reggae is an edited volume emanating from the
International Reggae Conference hosted annually by the Institute of
Caribbean Studies Unit at the University of the West Indies, Mona.
Like the conference, this work seeks to consolidate and disseminate
knowledge on Jamaican music and associated music forms.
Reggae Stories provides a range of perspectives on the development
of Jamaican popular music and culture, in particular reggae and
dancehall, and opens the door to new debates on these music forms
and their producers and creators. It moves through early musical
debates and incendiary intellectual contributions in Jamaican
reggae to trace Jamaican popular music in new geographical locales,
and then returns home to contemporary dancehall posturing. The
contributors to this collection incorporate a range of approaches
that include cultural studies, musicological analysis, lyrical
analysis and historical contextualization. The collection makes a
seminal contribution with its presentation of significant work on
reggae music in the Hispanic Caribbean (Mexico), particularly for
the benefit of English speakers who may have faced restrictions in
accessing such material. In a similar vein, the work also
introduces material on reggae music in the former Soviet Union
(Belarus), again opening spaces that may have been hidden from the
anglophone debates. The work also makes another significant
contribution in tackling Peter Tosh's intellectual and lyrical
legacy as a reggae revolutionary in an era where he has received
scant literary and academic attention. Additionally, the work adds
considerably to contemporary debates on dancehall music and
culture's post-millennial identity debates by introducing a
critical academic discourse on the lyrical and cultural posturing
of popular dancehall artistes Tommy Lee and Vybz Kartel.
ReggaeStories spans several important and connected points in the
debates around adoption and adaptation of Jamaican popular music
and culture in different cultural and geographical contexts and
extends the discussion on how these musical and cultural forms have
been transformed or retained in differing localities.
This work provides an accessible account of a poorly understood
aspect of Jamaican popular culture. It explores the socio-political
meanings of Jamaica's dancehall culture. In particular, the book
gives an account of the power relations within the dancehall and
between the dancehall and the wider Jamaican society. Hope gives
the reader an unmatched insider's view and explanation of power,
violence and gender relations in Jamaica as seen through the prism
of the dancehall.
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