This book is the first comprehensive compilation of deliberations on botany, genetic resources and diversity, classical genetics and traditional breeding, genetic transformation, and detailed enumeration on molecular maps and mapping of economic genes and QTLs, whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics in watermelon, and elucidation on functional genomics. The genomic resources for disease resistance, genomics of fruit and quality traits of watermelon, and molecular and metabolic regulation of nutraceuticals in watermelon are discussed. Mapping of quality traits, and biotic and abiotic resistance is also to be discussed. The genome draft of watermelon and application of genome editing are covered. The book contains approximately 250 pages and over 10 chapters authored by globally reputed experts on the relevant field in this crop. This book is useful to the students, teachers, and scientists in academia and relevant private companies interested in horticulture, genetics, breeding, pathology, entomology, physiology, molecular genetics and genomics, in vitro culture and genetic engineering, and structural and functional genomics. This book is also useful for seed industries.