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Texts of the past were often not monolingual but were produced by
and for people with bi- or multilingual repertoires; the
communicative practices witnessed in them therefore reflect ongoing
and earlier language contact situations. However, textbooks and
earlier research tend to display a monolingual bias. This collected
volume on multilingual practices in historical materials, including
code-switching, highlights the importance of a multilingual
approach. The authors explore multilingualism in hitherto neglected
genres, periods and areas, introduce new methods of locating and
analysing multiple languages in various sources, and review
terminology, theories and tools. The studies also revisit some of
the issues already introduced in previous research, such as Latin
interacting with European vernaculars and the complex relationship
between code-switching and lexical borrowing. Collectively, the
contributors show that multilingual practices share many of the
same features regardless of time and place, and that one way or the
other, all historical texts are multilingual. This book takes the
next step in historical multilingualism studies by establishing the
relevance of the multilingual approach to understanding language
history.
The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of
Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which
integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical
linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the
other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting
new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that
contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further
outstanding research in English linguistics.
English historical linguistics is a subfield of linguistics which
has developed theories and methods for exploring the history of the
English language. This Handbook provides an account of
state-of-the-art research on this history. It offers an in-depth
survey of materials, methods, and language-theoretical models used
to study the long diachrony of English. The frameworks covered
include corpus linguistics, historical sociolinguistics, historical
pragmatics and manuscript studies, among others. The chapters, by
leading experts, examine the interplay of language theory and
empirical data throughout, critically assessing the work in the
field. Of particular importance are the diverse data sources which
have become increasingly available in electronic form, allowing the
discipline to develop in new directions. The Handbook offers access
to the rich and many-faceted spectrum of work in English historical
linguistics, past and present, and will be useful for researchers
and students interested in hands-on research on the history of
English.
Medical writing tells us a great deal about how the language of
science has developed in constructing and communicating knowledge
in English. This volume provides a new perspective on the evolution
of the special language of medicine, based on the electronic corpus
of Early Modern English Medical Texts, containing over two million
words of medical writing from 1500 to 1700. The book presents
results from large-scale empirical research on the new materials
and provides a more detailed and diversified picture of
domain-specific developments than any previous book. Three
introductory chapters provide the sociohistorical, disciplinary and
textual frame for nine empirical studies, which address a range of
key issues in a wide variety of medical genres from fresh angles.
The book is useful for researchers and students within several
fields, including the development of special languages, genre and
register analysis, (historical) corpus linguistics, historical
pragmatics, and medical and cultural history.
Medical writing tells us a great deal about how the language of
science has developed in constructing and communicating knowledge
in English. This volume provides a new perspective on the evolution
of the special language of medicine, based on the electronic corpus
of Early Modern English Medical Texts, containing over two million
words of medical writing from 1500 to 1700. The book presents
results from large-scale empirical research on the new materials
and provides a more detailed and diversified picture of
domain-specific developments than any previous book. Three
introductory chapters provide the sociohistorical, disciplinary and
textual frame for nine empirical studies, which address a range of
key issues in a wide variety of medical genres from fresh angles.
The book is useful for researchers and students within several
fields, including the development of special languages, genre and
register analysis, (historical) corpus linguistics, historical
pragmatics, and medical and cultural history.
In an obvious way, manuscripts communicate. This is the first book
to focus on the communicative aspects of English manuscripts from
the fourteenth to the nineteenth century. It investigates how the
authors and scribes of these manuscripts communicated with their
audiences, how the characters depicted in these manuscripts
communicate with each other, and how the manuscripts communicate
with scholars and audiences in the 21st century. It covers a wide
variety of genres, such as stories, scientific writing, witchcraft
records, personal letters, war correspondence, courtroom records,
and plays. The volume demonstrates how these handwritten texts can
be used to analyse the history of language as communication between
individuals and groups, and discusses the challenges these
documents present to present-day scholars. It is unique in bringing
together studies by distinguished international experts examining
primary handwritten sources from the perspectives of several
fields, including historical pragmatics, historical
sociolinguistics, corpus linguistics and literary scholarship.
Medical and scientific writing in English has evolved over more
than a millennium, from its genesis in the Anglo-Saxon era to its
present-day position as the 'lingua franca' of science. This 2004
volume focuses on its development as a genre in late medieval
English. During this period it emerged in the vernacular, as its
Graeco-Roman conventions were modified in a new socio-historical
context. Seven experts discuss the various linguistic and textual
processes involved in vernacularising science, and how they related
to communicative practices and to the writers and readers of
medical and scientific texts. Referring to authentic medieval
texts, they show how discourse communities adopted scriptorial
'house-styles', how vocabulary and code-switching patterns reflect
the multilingual context of the period, and how intertextuality
featured between shared materials. Bringing together several
perspectives on this research area, this book will be welcomed by
linguists and historians of science alike.
The late Middle Ages in England saw a flowering of scientific writing in the vernacular that moved English discourse in new directions and established new textual genres. This book examines the sociolinguistic causes and effects of that process, based on the empirical evidence from manuscripts and computerized files. Topics covered include scriptorial "house-styles", code-switching, translation strategies, and transmission processes. The book offers important new insights into vernacularization phenomena, and will be welcomed by historical linguists and medievalists alike.
In an obvious way, manuscripts communicate. This is the first book
to focus on the communicative aspects of English manuscripts from
the fourteenth to the nineteenth century. It investigates how the
authors and scribes of these manuscripts communicated with their
audiences, how the characters depicted in these manuscripts
communicate with each other, and how the manuscripts communicate
with scholars and audiences in the 21st century. It covers a wide
variety of genres, such as stories, scientific writing, witchcraft
records, personal letters, war correspondence, courtroom records,
and plays. The volume demonstrates how these handwritten texts can
be used to analyse the history of language as communication between
individuals and groups, and discusses the challenges these
documents present to present-day scholars. It is unique in bringing
together studies by distinguished international experts examining
primary handwritten sources from the perspectives of several
fields, including historical pragmatics, historical
sociolinguistics, corpus linguistics and literary scholarship.
Not Wholly Free is a comprehensive study of manumission in the
Greek world, based on a thorough appraisal of the extant evidence
and on a careful examination of manumission terminology. R.
Zelnick-Abramovitz investigates the phenomenon of manumission in
all its aspects and features, by analyzing modes of manumission,
its terminology, the group composition of manumittors and freed
slaves, motivation, procedures and conditions of manumission, legal
actions and laws concerning manumitted slaves, and the latter's
legal status and position in society. A very important work for all
those interested in social history of ancient Greece, slavery, and
manumission, as well as ancient historians and classical
philologists.
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