This book addresses a complex issue - water sustainability - that requires a combined approach to manage both water and energy. It highlights several technologies that have been introduced to study the water-energy linkage. It also discusses the need to develop effective laws for water management. In turn, the book assesses hybrid biological systems and demonstrates why they are better for the wastewater treatment process. Lastly, it reviews wastewater quality requirements, which have been the primary driver of industrial wastewater treatment programs in India. Gathering selected, high-quality research papers presented at the IconSWM 2018 conference, the book offers a valuable asset, not only for researchers and academics, but also for industrial practitioners and policymakers.

This book addresses a complex issue - water sustainability - that requires a combined approach to manage both water and energy. It highlights several technologies that have been introduced to study the water-energy linkage. It also discusses the need to develop effective laws for water management. In turn, the book assesses hybrid biological systems and demonstrates why they are better for the wastewater treatment process. Lastly, it reviews wastewater quality requirements, which have been the primary driver of industrial wastewater treatment programs in India. Gathering selected, high-quality research papers presented at the IconSWM 2018 conference, the book offers a valuable asset, not only for researchers and academics, but also for industrial practitioners and policymakers.

Though tannery waste water consisits of several constituents, such as Magnesium, Chromium, zinc, lead etc but in this book removal of Chromium (VI) or transformation of Chromium (VI) to Chromium (III) has been investigated. The treatment of wastewater has been performed using chemical component as primary treatment component and isolated micro-organism (from tannery wastewater) treatment as secondary treatment. Chromium resistant bacteria were isolated and cultured from tannery sludge (near tannery waste dumping area). Though several studies have been done earlier on this regard, but here new novel techniques has been incorporated to treat the tannery waste water.

Arsenic Removal from Groundwater by In-situ Treatment simulated experimental studies were carried out to understand the process and factors that affect the efficiency of arsenic removal from groundwater. Arsenic removal technologies by ex-situ method are very well researched and technically implemented. Compared to this, in-situ water treatment is a very new and innovative technology. The process of in-situ treatment of groundwater virtually transfers the processes of the conventional above ground water treatment plants into the aquifer. The underground aquifer is used as a natural biochemical reactor and acts as a filter itself. In this method, subterranean groundwater is treated by using atmospheric oxygen as the oxidizing agent. In-situ process is cost efficient, free from sludge handling problem, free from uses of any chemical compounds, easy to operate and handle. It is eco friendly and can remediate organic contaminants, iron, manganese and many other impurities in addition to arsenic.

The surge of industrial activities has led to tremendous increase in the use of heavy metals, synthetic dyes and other toxic chemicals, and inevitably resulted in an increased flux of these substances in the aquatic environment thereby intensifying more environmental problems as seen for example in the deterioration of several ecosystems. Moreover, we are also blessed by Mother Nature by a wide variety of natural materials. Therefore, my primary objective has been to realize how these waste materials and natural resources can be recycled / utilized and apply that knowledge to the creation of novel techniques for pollution control.Water quality index is a single value numerical expression which can evaluate the quality of given water body at particular position and time. It has been observed that the individual parameters vary quite widely whereas when it is converted to a single value indicator like Water quality index, their values varied quite narrowly.