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Studies of the political history of twentieth-century China
traditionally have been skewed toward a two-dimensional view of the
major combatants: the Chinese Communist Party and the Guomindang.
Although their struggle undeniably has been the main story, it is
neither the only nor the complete story. During the Republican
period (1912-1949), many ed
Studies of the political history of twentieth-century China
traditionally have been skewed toward a two-dimensional view of the
major combatants: the Chinese Communist Party and the Guomindang.
Although their struggle undeniably has been the main story, it is
neither the only nor the complete story. During the Republican
period (1912-1949), many ed
In this probing and original study, Parks M. Coble examines the
devastating impact of Japan's invasion and occupation of the lower
Yangzi on China's emerging modern business community. Arguing that
the war gravely weakened Chinese capitalists, Coble demonstrates
that in occupied areas the activities of businessmen were closer to
collaboration than to heroic resistance. He shows how the war left
an important imprint on the structure and culture of Chinese
business enterprise by encouraging those traits that had allowed it
to survive in uncertain and dangerous times.
Although historical memory emphasizes the entrepreneurs who
followed the Nationalists armies to the interior, most Chinese
businessmen remained in the lower Yangzi area. If they wished to
retain any ownership of their enterprises, they were forced to
collaborate with the Japanese and the Wang Jingwei regime in
Nanjing. Characteristics of business in the decades prior to the
war, including a preference for family firms and reluctance to
become public corporations, distrust of government, opaqueness of
business practices, and reliance of personal connections "(guanxi)"
were critical to the survival of enterprises during the war and
were reinforced by the war experience. Through consideration of the
broader implications of the many responses to this complex era,
"Chinese Capitalists in Japan's New Order" makes a substantial
contribution to larger discussions of the dynamics of World War II
and of Chinese business culture.
Covering the years of Japanese invasion during World War II from
1937 to 1945, this essay collection recounts Chinese experiences of
living and working under conditions of war. Each of the regimes
that ruled a divided China—occupation governments, Chinese
Nationalists, and Chinese Communists—demanded and glorified the
full commitment of the people and their resources in the
prosecution of war. Through stories of both everyday people and
mid-level technocrats charged with carrying out the war, this book
brings to light the enormous gap between the leadership’s demands
and the reality of everyday life. Eight long years of war exposed
the unrealistic nature of elite demands for unreserved commitment.
As the political leaders faced numerous obstacles in material
mobilization and retreated to rhetoric of spiritual resistance, the
Chinese populace resorted to localized strategies ranging from
stoic adaptation to cynical profiteering, articulated variously
with touches of humor and tragedy. These localized strategies are
examined through stories of people at varying classes and levels of
involvement in living, working, and trying to work through the war
under the different regimes. In less than a decade, millions of
Chinese were subjects of disciplinary regimes that dictated the
celebration of holidays, the films available for viewing, the
stories told in tea houses, and the restrictions governing the
daily operations and participants of businesses—thus impacting
the people of China for years to come. This volume looks at the
narratives of those affected by the war and regimes to understand
perspectives of both sides of the war and its total outcomes.
Living and Working in Wartime China depicts the brutal
micromanaging of ordinary lives, devoid of compelling national
purposes, that both undercut the regimes’ relationships with
their people and helped establish the managerial infrastructure of
authoritarian regimes in subsequent postwar years.
Covering the years of Japanese invasion during World War II from
1937 to 1945, this essay collection recounts Chinese experiences of
living and working under conditions of war. Each of the regimes
that ruled a divided China—occupation governments, Chinese
Nationalists, and Chinese Communists—demanded and glorified the
full commitment of the people and their resources in the
prosecution of war. Through stories of both everyday people and
mid-level technocrats charged with carrying out the war, this book
brings to light the enormous gap between the leadership’s demands
and the reality of everyday life. Eight long years of war exposed
the unrealistic nature of elite demands for unreserved commitment.
As the political leaders faced numerous obstacles in material
mobilization and retreated to rhetoric of spiritual resistance, the
Chinese populace resorted to localized strategies ranging from
stoic adaptation to cynical profiteering, articulated variously
with touches of humor and tragedy. These localized strategies are
examined through stories of people at varying classes and levels of
involvement in living, working, and trying to work through the war
under the different regimes. In less than a decade, millions of
Chinese were subjects of disciplinary regimes that dictated the
celebration of holidays, the films available for viewing, the
stories told in tea houses, and the restrictions governing the
daily operations and participants of businesses—thus impacting
the people of China for years to come. This volume looks at the
narratives of those affected by the war and regimes to understand
perspectives of both sides of the war and its total outcomes.
Living and Working in Wartime China depicts the brutal
micromanaging of ordinary lives, devoid of compelling national
purposes, that both undercut the regimes’ relationships with
their people and helped establish the managerial infrastructure of
authoritarian regimes in subsequent postwar years.
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