This Element surveys transmissions of ancient Greek and Latin texts into anglophone literatures, often straddling boundaries between translational responsibility and adaptive, re-creative textual practices. Attention to manifestations of and reasons for versioning, retranslation, hybridity, and translation as experiment, compels an introductory discussion of evolving tendencies of classical reception; with particular dispositions relating to a sociocultural context such as that of the United States observed in Section 3. The role paratexts play in the dialogue between scholarship, literary art, and performance, is the focus of Section 4, while Section 2 presents readers with a range of English responses to Homer. Creativity through sites and positions of translation is a defining feature of the workings of literary traditions; and of antiquity and modernity, in constant dialogue. This Element explores numerous textual manifestations and reasons for invention, along with integrations of thinking on classical translation over the centuries, helping shape present-day translation studies.

In this book, eighteen authors from a dozen countries interpret Richard Berengarten's 'Changing' (2016), a large-scale poetic mosaic written in honour of the I Ching, the first of the Confucian classics of ancient China. 'Changing' is a work hewn out of the accrual of presence and a sagacious response to our anxious age. —MIKE BARRETT // Isn't this book's ultimate aim to contribute to a change in how we think ourselves and our world? —PAUL SCOTT DERRICK // 'Changing' blazes a new path for cross-cultural dialogue between Eastern and Western poetry and poetics. —MING DONG GU // The tone is rich, mature, and generous, but also personal and personable. —ELEANOR GOODMAN // In Berengarten's words, we must plant our feet deeply and firmly in "this here now." —TZE-KI HON // A major contribution to modern English poetry —JEREMY HOOKER // An ongoing revolution occurring in the depth of one's heart in the reality of the present —SOPHIA KATZ // Every poem a microcosm —LUCAS KLEIN // A life-path book —HANK LAZER // A sustained outpouring of captured and contemplated moments. —OWEN LOWERY// A visionary poem and an ars poetica —RODERICK MAIN // Commonplace light becomes transformative, radiant, miraculous. —PASCHALIS NIKOLAOU // 'The Book of Changes' continuously inspires fresh insights. Berengarten continues this great tradition. —GEOFFREY REDMOND // Patterned on the combined constancy and delicate fragility of the human heart. —HEYONG SHEN // Richard Berengarten is the latest in a long line of distinguished writers who have looked to the I Ching for creative sustenance. —RICHARD J. SMITH // It makes sense to read the Yijing-inspired poetry of 'Changing' in the light of the Jewish prophetical tradition —RICO SNELLER // Steeped in the Chinese classic's wider, deeper and higher spheres of influence. —TAN CHEE LAY // A sound boat in which to cross the Great River called Change. —ALAN TRIST AND BOB DEVINE

The Return of Pytheas is a study of poetry and poems through and across two language traditions – Greek and English. While the main focus is recent and contemporary, exchanges reach back as far as Aeschylus and the Iliad. The book thus investigates Christopher Logue’s long and extraordinary engagement with Homer, as well as the more sporadic and varied influences of Greek landscape and culture since the 1960s on English poets such as Richard Berengarten, Sebastian Barker, Kelvin Corcoran and Peter Riley. The special history of Cavafy in Britain is also explored, starting with E. M. Forster, and continuing through the poetry of John Ash, Evan Jones and Don Paterson. As scenes from Ted Hughes’s revisiting of ancient drama are echoed in Alice Oswald’s recent writing, manifold continuations of translation and versioning are shown to be essential parts of poets’ lives and work.

Spanning a period of fifteen years, these five 'Inter-views' with Richard Berengarten explore the many facets of his writings. Hospitably and expansively, they yield insights into the work of a poet of our time, his methods, motives, and patterns of thought. Based in dialogue, an interview is always a collaborative venture. It discovers difference and clarifies commonalities between writer and reader. By working closely together in composing, editing and revisiting transcripts for each interview, Richard Berengarten and his five interlocutors reveal the potential of the literary interview itself, as they articulate and test its reticent boundaries."The sheer range of poetic canons to which Berengarten's oeuvre responds has enabled him to put down 'multiple roots' in a number of literary traditions." - Norman Jope"Berengarten's poetry invites readers to glimpse at the mechanics of multivocal, multilingual poetry: its attraction works by bringing one closer not simply to what is not one's own, but also to what is." - Maria Filippakopoulou"Richard Berengarten is a poet for 'a time of need'. His poetry witnesses, commemorates, laments, affirms and blesses." - Paul Scott Derrick"Berengarten's combination of Englishness, Europeanness and Jewishness, and thus his sense of himself as an inheritor of multiple overlapping identities, are core elements of his poetic constitution." - Anthony Rudolf

Throughout his adult life, C. P. Cavafy (1863-1933) rarely journeyed outside his native Alexandria, though he spent some of his childhood years in Liverpool and London. In the course of the 20th and 21st centuries, the reach of his poetry has been immense. It has been witnessed and addressed through a global wealth of versions, imitations and rewritings: those poems written 'in the manner of Cavafy', variously channelling his themes and style. Here, for the first time in English, is a selection of such work by poets writing in Cavafy's own language, Greek. Together they embed the intimacy of shared culture, skilfully mirroring passions and preoccupations. This bilingual presentation includes voices familiar to English readers, such as those of George Seferis and Yannis Ritsos, alongside lesser known names-all of them, engaged in layered dialogues with Cavafy. The result is a lasting image of literary influence and reception, and ultimately, of poetry translated by poetry.