The tooth surfaces are unique in that they are the only body part not subject to metabolic turnover. Once formed, the teeth are, under the correct conditions, essentially indestructible, as witnessed by their importance in fossil records and forensic medicine. Yet in the living individual, the integrity of the teeth is assaulted by a microbial challenge so great that dental infections rank as the most universal affliction of humankind. The discomfort caused by these infections and their enormous cost (dental infections rank third in medical costs, behind heart disease and cancer, in the United States) gives dental diseases prominence despite their non-life-threatening nature. This book reviews the bacterial aspects of dental caries and suggests that, in the future, treatment will be directed toward eliminating or suppressing certain bacterial species that appear to be overt pathogens in the dental plaque.

The heritage of the term syndrome is ancient. Accurate diagnosis of a specific syndromes among the 0.7% of babies born with multiple malformations is a necessary pre requisite of providing a prognosis and plan of management for the affected infant, as well as genetic counseling for the parents.More than 3,000 syndromes classified. Optimal growth, development, and learning requires early recognition and intervention.The purpose of this book is to have an insight into the intricacy of different syndromes of orofacial region, which will help for accurate syndromal diagnosis allows a rational approach to treatment & better prognosis.

The book name 'Ribosomes in health and disease' highlighted the key role of ribosomes in physiological and pathological conditions. Ribosomes biogenesis has long been seen as housekeeping with ribosomes seen as a high stable 'constants' within the cell. Here we try to give brief description of function of ribosomes and we also given focus to the staining characteristics of ribosomes. So, we can say that this book provide short review of ribosomes.

Bacterial diseases are very common globally. Recent advances in Medical Sciences proved that bacteria are not only involved with acute and chronic diseases but also in dreadful diseases like carcinoma of gall bladder, liver, oral cavity, etc. So, for proper treatment correct diagnosis of the species of bacteria involved is very essential.The purpose of this book is to have an insight into the intricacy of different bacterial species involved in various pathologies affecting human, which will ultimately direct us to proper diagnosis and accurate treatment.