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Increasing pressure on global reserves of petroleum at a time of
growing demand for personal transport in
developing countries, together with concerns over atmospheric
pollution and carbon dioxide emissions, are
leading to a requirement for more sustainable forms of road
transport. Major improvements in the efficiency
of all types of road vehicles are called for, along with the use of
fuels derived from alternative sources, or
entirely new fuels. "Towards Sustainable Road Transport" first
describes the evolution of vehicle designs and
propulsion technologies over the past two centuries, before looking
forward to possible new forms of energy
to substitute for petroleum. The book also discusses the political
and socio-economic drivers for change,
investigates barriers to their broad implementation, and outlines
the state-of-the-art of candidate power
sources, advanced vehicle design, and associated infrastructure.
The comprehensive technical information
supplied by an expert author team ensures that "Towards Sustainable
Road Transport" will provide readers
with a clear understanding of the ongoing progress in this field
and the challenges still to be faced.
Drivers of technological change in road transport and the
infrastructure requirementsDiscussion of alternative fuels for
internal combustion engines and fuel conversion
technologiesDetailed exploration of current and emerging options
for vehicle propulsion, with emphasis on hybrid/
battery electric traction, hydrogen, and fuel cellsComparative
analysis of vehicle design requirements, primary power source
efficiency, and energy storage
systems
The "Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources" is a truly
interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel
cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical
cells. With a focus on the environmental and economic impact of
electrochemical power sources, this five-volume work consolidates
coverage of the field and serves as an entry point to the
literature for professionals and students alike.
Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating
principles, systems, materials, and applications
Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists,
materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers
Incorporates nearly 350 articles, with timely coverage of such
topics as environmental and sustainability considerations
Lead-Acid Batteries for Future Automobiles provides an overview on
the innovations that were recently introduced in automotive
lead-acid batteries and other aspects of current research.
Innovative concepts are presented, some of which aim to make
lead-acid technology a candidate for higher levels of powertrain
hybridization, namely 48-volt mild or high-volt full hybrids.
Lead-acid batteries continue to dominate the market as storage
devices for automotive starting and power supply systems, but are
facing competition from alternative storage technologies and being
challenged by new application requirements, particularly related to
new electric vehicle functions and powertrain electrification.
For many decades, the lead-acid battery has been the most widely
used energy-storage device for medium- and large-scale applications
(approximately 100Wh and above). In recent years, the traditional,
flooded design of the battery has begun to be replaced by an
alternative design. This version - the valve-regulated lead-acid
(VRLA) battery - requires no replenishment of the water content of
the electrolyte solution, does not spill liquids, and can be used
in any desired orientation. Since the VRLA battery operates in a
somewhat different manner from its flooded counterpart,
considerable technological development has been necessary to meet
the exacting performance requirements of the full range of
applications in which rechargeable batteries are used.
The valve-regulated design is now well established in the
industrial battery sector, and also appears set to be adopted
widely for automotive duty.
This book provides a comprehensive account of VRLA technology and
its uses. In the future, all industrial processes - including the
manufacture of batteries - will be required to conform to the
conventions of sustainability. Accordingly, the crucial areas of
the environmental impact associated with the production and use of
VRLA batteries and the recycling of spent units are also treated
thoroughly.
Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries gives an essential insight into
the science that underlies the development and operation of VRLA
batteries and is a comprehensive reference source for those
involved in the practical use of the technology in key
energy-storage applications.
- Covers all major advances in the field.
- Provides a comprehensive account of VRLA technology and its
uses.
- First book dedicated to this technology.
Electricity from renewable sources of energy is plagued by
fluctuations (due to variations in wind strength or the intensity
of insolation) resulting in a lack of stability if the energy
supplied from such sources is used in 'real time'. An important
solution to this problem is to store the energy electrochemically
(in a secondary battery or in hydrogen and its derivatives) and to
make use of it in a controlled fashion at some time after it has
been initially gathered and stored. Electrochemical battery storage
systems are the major technologies for decentralized storage
systems and hydrogen is the only solution for long-term storage
systems to provide energy during extended periods of low wind
speeds or solar insolation. Future electricity grid design has to
include storage systems as a major component for grid stability and
for security of supply. The technology of systems designed to
achieve this regulation of the supply of renewable energy, and a
survey of the markets that they will serve, is the subject of this
book. It includes economic aspects to guide the development of
technology in the right direction.
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