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This reader provides information on population and development
issues for those seeking the middle ground between technical and
non-specialist material. It contains contributions to all the
various aspects of the debate from the 1960s to the 1990s from a
wide variety of authors including Kingsley Davis, Herman Daly, Gary
Becker, Ester Boserup and Amartya Sen.
This reader provides information on population and development
issues for those seeking the middle ground between technical and
non-specialist material. It contains contributions to all the
various aspects of the debate from the 1960s to the 1990s from a
wide variety of authors including Kingsley Davis, Herman Daly, Gary
Becker, Ester Boserup and Amartya Sen.
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, the world's
population has increased threefold. The "demographic revolution"
has not only changed the size of the population; it is radically
transforming its age structure and its spatial distribution, with
attendant problems and contradictions. Despite measurable advances
in human welfare, such as increased longevity, more than one
billion people - about one third of the total population of the
Third World - live in poverty, according to a recent World Bank
report. Sharply diverging rates of population growth have been
accompanied by increasing disparities in income and quality of life
across nations. These papers examine the relationship between
physical and human resources and population within this context of
mass poverty, historically unprecedented population growth, and
environmental deterioration. Attention focused on those resources
most critical for human well-being, including soil, water, and
energy, on the one hand, and education, social organization and
economic management, on the other. The discussion is framed by a
broad supervision into six parts, examining demographic history and
global population prospects; the relationships between population
and physical, biological, and human resources; human health; and
human settlements. Introductory statements, including an address by
Pope John Paul II, and concluding remarks draw out the common
threads and point the way towards future action and research. This
book originated in a study week organized by the Pontifical Academy
of Sciences to bring the best available scientific evidence to bear
on this complex and still inadequately explored topic. The study
week brought together experts in demography and from the physical,
biological, political, economic, anthropological, religious,
cultural, and health sciences, to investigate past experience and
observed trends. Through this multidisciplinary analysis, a
reference base was assembled that is factual, amply documented, and
as scientifically indisputable as possible.
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