As environmental security gains increasing attention, there is a pressing need for rigorous examinations of environmental causes of conflict and the potential for conflict resolution. Environmental Conflict explores the relationship between environmental degradation or scarcity and either intrastate or interstate violent conflict. Informed by theor

This book charts the incidence of territorial changes and military conflicts from 1816 to 1980. Using statistical and descriptive analysis, the authors attempt to answer three related sets of questions: when does military conflict accompany the process of national independence?; when do states fight over territorial changes and when are such transactions completed peacefully?; and how do territorial changes affect future military conflict between the states involved in the exchange?. This book should be of interest to postgraduates and researchers in the fields of international relations, war studies, defence studies and political geography.

As environmental security gains increasing attention, there is a pressing need for rigorous examinations of environmental causes of conflict and the potential for conflict resolution. "Environmental Conflict" explores the relationship between environmental degradation or scarcity and either intrastate or interstate violent conflict. Informed by theoretical perspectives, a major strength is the focus on demanding empirical tests of hypothesized relationships between environmental factors and violence. Identifying the causes of conflict can assist in developing meliorative measures. The contributors are eminent scholars who address a pressing issue in innovative ways.

This book provides the first detailed analysis of international rivalries, the long-standing and often violent confrontations between the same pairs of states. The book addresses conceptual components of rivalries and explores the origins, dynamics, and termination of the most dangerous form of rivalry--enduring rivalry--since 1816.
Paul Diehl and Gary Goertz identify 1166 rivalries since 1816. They label sixty-three of those as enduring rivalries. These include the competitions between the United States and Soviet Union, India and Pakistan, and Israel and her Arab neighbors. The authors explain how rivalries form, evolve, and end.
The first part of the book deals with how to conceptualize and measure rivalries and presents empirical patterns among rivalries in the period 1816-1992. The concepts derived from the study of rivalries are then used to reexamine two central pieces of international relations research, namely deterrence and "democratic peace" studies. The second half of the book builds an explanation of enduring rivalries based on a theory adapted from evolutionary biology, "punctuated equilibrium."
The study of international rivalries has become one of the centerpieces of behavioral research on international conflict. This book, by two of the scholars who pioneered such studies, is the first comprehensive treatment of the subject. It will become the standard reference for all future studies of rivalries.
Paul F. Diehl is Professor of Political Science and University Distinguished Teacher/Scholar, University of Illinois. He is the coeditor of "Reconstructing Realpolitik" and coauthor of "Measuring the Correlates of War," Gary Goertz is Assistant Professor ofPolitical Science, University of Arizona, and is the coauthor with Paul Diehl "of Territorial Change and International Conflict,"