This interdisciplinary book brings together eleven original contributions by scholars in the United Kingdom, continental Europe, America and Japan which represent innovative and important research on the relationship between cities and their hinterlands. They discuss the factors which determined the changing nature of port-hinterland relations in particular, and highlight the ways in which port-cities have interacted and intersected with their different hinterlands as a result of both in- and out-migration, cultural exchange and the wider flow of goods, services and information. Historically, maritime commerce was a powerful driving force behind urbanisation and by 1850 seaports accounted for a significant proportion of the world’s great cities. Ports acted as nodal points for the flow of population and the dissemination of goods and services, but their role as growth poles also affected the economic transformation of both their hinterlands and forelands. In fact, most ports, irrespective of their size, had a series of overlapping hinterlands whose shifting importance reflected changes in trading relations (political frameworks), migration patterns, family networks and cultural exchange. Urban historians have been criticised for being concerned primarily with self-contained processes which operate within the boundaries of individual towns and cities and as a result, the key relationships between cities and their hinterlands have often been neglected. The chapters in this work focus primarily on the determinants of port-hinterland linkages and analyse these as distinct, but interrelated, fields of interaction. Marking a significant contribution to the literature in this field, Port-Cities and their Hinterlands provides essential reading for students and scholars of the history of economics.

This interdisciplinary book brings together eleven original contributions by scholars in the United Kingdom, continental Europe, America and Japan which represent innovative and important research on the relationship between cities and their hinterlands. They discuss the factors which determined the changing nature of port-hinterland relations in particular, and highlight the ways in which port-cities have interacted and intersected with their different hinterlands as a result of both in- and out-migration, cultural exchange and the wider flow of goods, services and information. Historically, maritime commerce was a powerful driving force behind urbanisation and by 1850 seaports accounted for a significant proportion of the world's great cities. Ports acted as nodal points for the flow of population and the dissemination of goods and services, but their role as growth poles also affected the economic transformation of both their hinterlands and forelands. In fact, most ports, irrespective of their size, had a series of overlapping hinterlands whose shifting importance reflected changes in trading relations (political frameworks), migration patterns, family networks and cultural exchange. Urban historians have been criticised for being concerned primarily with self-contained processes which operate within the boundaries of individual towns and cities and as a result, the key relationships between cities and their hinterlands have often been neglected. The chapters in this work focus primarily on the determinants of port-hinterland linkages and analyse these as distinct, but interrelated, fields of interaction. Marking a significant contribution to the literature in this field, Port-Cities and their Hinterlands provides essential reading for students and scholars of the history of economics.

This book, originally published in 1988, provides an account of an analysis of British planning in practice, as observed through empirical research including a range of case studies. It shows how the procedures of the system have been used in the political processes through which policies come to be defined and implemented, and related these to the interests in land and environmental issues generated by urban and regional change. Its distinctive contribution lies in the linking of the procedures and practices of planning to the political economy of urban development, and in the way empirical evidence and theoretical argument are interlaced to advance our understanding of planning as a political process.

Case-based learning is a fundamental part of teaching at medical school because it links theory to practice. Case-Based Discussions in Medicine is designed to help prepare students for clinical practice by working through authentic cases. This updated edition has been revised to reflect recent changes in guidelines. All cases are presented in a consistent style, and cover: history of presenting complaint examination and interpretation differential diagnoses investigations diagnosis and management Each case concludes with background information covering the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria and clinical guidelines. The book is a study companion for medical students and foundation doctors and will help you: become proficient at writing up a patient's history and examination findings improve your clinical decision-making and patient management build your clinical knowledge From back pain and breathlessness to post-partum psychosis, via abdominal pain and jaundice, placenta praevia, and alcoholic liver disease, the book guides you through common cases in medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics and psychiatry.

The book contains a collection of chapters written by experts from the fields of philosophy, law, logic, computer science and artificial intelligence who pay tribute to Professor Risto Hilpinen's impressive work on the logic of induction, on deontic logic and epistemology, and on philosophy of science. In addition to an introduction by the editors, a section on Professor Hilpinen’s positions, professional services and honors, as well as a complete bibliography of his writings,  the editors, McNamara, Jones and Brown, have compiled a multidisciplinary global cross-section of academic contemporaries that provides insights and perspectives on Hilpinen's influence and legacy. The essays reflect central aspects of Risto Hilpinen's research interests, and offer further contributions to some of the philosophical fields for which he is best known: applied modal logic, including deontic logic (from the ancient Greek δέον déon, pertaining to the concepts of duty and obligation), the semantics of normative language, the logic of action, and the theory of practical reasoning; the analysis of the concept of artifact; and the theory of semiotics in the tradition of Charles Peirce. The presence in the collection of several papers relating to deontic logic underlines Hilpinen's importance in that area, in which his publications have long been recognized as standard works. The book is an essential collection of ideas for all those who feel at home in a variety of formal disciplines, from propositional logic to the logic of artificial intelligence.

Systems-based practice exams based on past papers. Working through past papers is an essential part of exam preparation and practice questions such as the ones in this book are a vital resource for medical school success. The questions represent common, universal medical themes and practising them in a question and answer style will bolster your learning of key facts and help you to remember them for exams and ultimately clinical practice. The book takes a systems-based approach, with answers presented in a way that will consolidate your knowledge: they are succinct and to the point. The practice papers in this book have been written to help you ace your exams by testing your knowledge, improving your exam technique, and working on your time management!

The book contains a collection of chapters written by experts from the fields of philosophy, law, logic, computer science and artificial intelligence who pay tribute to Professor Risto Hilpinen's impressive work on the logic of induction, on deontic logic and epistemology, and on philosophy of science. In addition to an introduction by the editors, a section on Professor Hilpinen's positions, professional services and honors, as well as a complete bibliography of his writings, the editors, McNamara, Jones and Brown, have compiled a multidisciplinary global cross-section of academic contemporaries that provides insights and perspectives on Hilpinen's influence and legacy. The essays reflect central aspects of Risto Hilpinen's research interests, and offer further contributions to some of the philosophical fields for which he is best known: applied modal logic, including deontic logic (from the ancient Greek deon, pertaining to the concepts of duty and obligation), the semantics of normative language, the logic of action, and the theory of practical reasoning; the analysis of the concept of artifact; and the theory of semiotics in the tradition of Charles Peirce. The presence in the collection of several papers relating to deontic logic underlines Hilpinen's importance in that area, in which his publications have long been recognized as standard works. The book is an essential collection of ideas for all those who feel at home in a variety of formal disciplines, from propositional logic to the logic of artificial intelligence.

This book investigates the experiences and issues involved with extension systems in post-conflict settings; evaluates the impact of different extension policy approaches and practice in such settings; and identifies the key elements needed to effectively rebuild agricultural extension systems and programs in post-conflict contexts. The chapters contain country-specific case studies that provide a descriptive account but also analyze strategies, successes and failures, and lessons learned. A synthesis chapter provides comparative analysis of insights across post-conflict settings. Overall, the book serves as a collective volume for use by governments, practitioners, and academics in extension policy-making and programming, and contributes to post-conflict, political science, and agricultural extension literature.

Sean Lester, a Belfast protestant and Irish nationalist, became one of Ireland's first truly international diplomats when, in 1934, he took up the post of High Commissioner of the League of Nations in the Free City of Danzig, a Baltic port which both Germany and Poland coveted. Finding himself in a cauldron of intrigue, Lester made strenuous and courageous efforts to frustrate the Danzig Nazi Party's attempts to gain complete control of the city and return it to the German Reich. By mid-1936, having become virtually the only obstacle left in the way of Nazi conquest of Danzig, the Irishman soon became the focus of a very aggressive, and eventually successful campaign by Hitler and the Nazi movement to have him forced out of the Free City. As it was the only country to have official rights in Danzig, Poland's position regarding these events is crucial and perhaps was more important than that of the League of Nations itself. Extensively based on material regarding Lester from the Polish state archives never before seen outside Poland, this book examines the circumstances surrounding the Irishman's tenure in the Free City where he became one of the first western European diplomats to see the Nazi mask slip. Other primary sources used in the book are the National Archives, London, the League of Nations Archives in Geneva, Sean Lester's diary and papers and to a lesser extent German foreign ministry archives. The failure of European governments to heed Lester's warnings and to subsequently allow his 'removal' from Danzig turned out to be a missed opportunity to stop Hitler in his tracks three years before the outbreak of the Second World War. Of all the parties involved in this tale of intrigue, misjudgments and bad faith, Irishman Sean Lester is the only one to emerge with his honour intact.

This behind-the-scenes glimpse of a non-league football club offers the unusual opportunity of viewing an entire football season at one club from multiple viewpoints. Eastleigh Football Club is an ambitious semi-professional club that in 2013/2014 competed in the Football Conference South. Ten years earlier, they were a much smaller club, playing in their local regional league. Progress from that lowly status saw the team spend the 2013/2014 campaign challenging for the Conference South league title and promotion into the Conference Premier Division. The book follows the fortunes of the men who played during that season. It charts the highs and lows experienced by the directors, the manager, staff and supporters, and provides a candid view of the club's day-to-day life. This first-hand account tells the compelling story of life on and off the pitch at the club and the unfolding events of the season. Featuring a team striving to achieve promotion into the Conference Premier and reach Wembley in the FA Trophy, this book will be enjoyed by football fans at any level. 'The More We Win, The Better It Will Be' also details author Paul's transition from being a lifelong Everton supporter into developing an obsession with his local non-league club, and his own personal experiences after becoming closely involved with the team.