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Unified Field Theory was an expression first used by Einstein in
his attempt to unify general relativity with electromagnetism.
Unified Field Theory and Occam's Razor attempts to provide real
answers to foundational questions related to this unification and
should be of high interest to innovative scientists. A diverse
group of contributing authors approach an old problem with an
open-mindedness that presents a new and fresh perspective. The
following topics are discussed in detail in the hope of a fruitful
dialogue with all who are interested in this subject:This highly
original book brings together theoretical researchers and
experimentalists specialized in the areas of mathematics and
epistemology, theoretical and experimental physics, engineering,
and technology. For years they have worked independently on topics
related to the foundations and unity of physics and have had
numerous overlapping ideas in terms of using Clifford algebra and
spinors. Within the book, new technology applications are outlined
and theoretical results are complemented by interpretations of
experimental data.
The most pressing question facing the small and mid-sized cities of
America's industrial heartland is how to reinvent themselves.
Once-thriving communities in the Northeastern and Midwestern U. S.
have decayed sharply as the high-wage manufacturing jobs that
provided the foundation for their prosperity disappeared. A few
larger cities had the resources to adjust, but most smaller places
that relied on factory work have struggled to do so. Unless and
until they find new economic roles for themselves, the small cities
will continue to decline. Reinventing these smaller cities is a
tall order. A few might still function as nodes of industrial
production. But landing a foreign-owned auto manufacturer or a
green energy plant hardly solves every problem. The new jobs will
not be unionized and thus will not pay nearly as much as the
positions lost. The competition among localities for high-tech and
knowledge economy firms is intense. Decaying towns with poor
schools and few amenities are hardly in a good position to attract
the "creative-class" workers they need. Getting to the point where
they can lure such companies will require extensive retooling, not
just economically but in terms of their built environment, cultural
character, political economy, and demographic mix. Such changes
often run counter to the historical currents that defined these
places as factory towns. After the Factory examines the fate of
industrial small cities from a variety of angles. It includes
essays from a variety of disciplines that consider the sources and
character of economic growth in small cities. They delve into the
history of industrial small cities, explore the strategies that
some have adopted, and propose new tacks for these communities as
they struggle to move forward in the twenty-first century.
Together, they constitute a unique look at an important and
understudied dimension of urban studies and globalization.
The most pressing question facing the small and mid-sized cities of
America's industrial heartland is how to reinvent themselves.
Once-thriving communities in the Northeastern and Midwestern U. S.
have decayed sharply as the high-wage manufacturing jobs that
provided the foundation for their prosperity disappeared. A few
larger cities had the resources to adjust, but most smaller places
that relied on factory work have struggled to do so. Unless and
until they find new economic roles for themselves, the small cities
will continue to decline. Reinventing these smaller cities is a
tall order. A few might still function as nodes of industrial
production. But landing a foreign-owned auto manufacturer or a
green energy plant hardly solves every problem. The new jobs will
not be unionized and thus will not pay nearly as much as the
positions lost. The competition among localities for high-tech and
knowledge economy firms is intense. Decaying towns with poor
schools and few amenities are hardly in a good position to attract
the "creative-class" workers they need. Getting to the point where
they can lure such companies will require extensive retooling, not
just economically but in terms of their built environment, cultural
character, political economy, and demographic mix. Such changes
often run counter to the historical currents that defined these
places as factory towns. After the Factory examines the fate of
industrial small cities from a variety of angles. It includes
essays from a variety of disciplines that consider the sources and
character of economic growth in small cities. They delve into the
history of industrial small cities, explore the strategies that
some have adopted, and propose new tacks for these communities as
they struggle to move forward in the twenty-first century.
Together, they constitute a unique look at an important and
understudied dimension of urban studies and globalization.
Between 1865 and 1937, Pinkerton's National Detective Agency was at
the center of countless conflicts between capital and labor,
bandits and railroads, and strikers and state power. Some believed
that the detectives were protecting society from dangerous criminal
conspiracies; others thought that armed Pinkertons were capital's
tool to crush worker dissent. Yet the image of the Pinkerton
detective also inspired romantic and sensationalist novels,
reflected shifting ideals of Victorian manhood, and embodied a
particular kind of rough frontier justice. Inventing the Pinkertons
examines the evolution of the agency as a pivotal institution in
the cultural history of American monopoly capitalism. Historian S.
Paul O'Hara intertwines political, social, and cultural history to
reveal how Scottish-born founder Allan Pinkerton insinuated his way
to power and influence as a purveyor of valuable (and often wildly
wrong) intelligence in the Union cause. During Reconstruction,
Pinkerton turned his agents into icons of law and order in the Wild
West. Finally, he transformed his firm into a for-rent private army
in the war of industry against labor. Having begun life as peddlers
of information and guardians of mail bags, the Pinkertons became
armed mercenaries, protecting scabs and corporate property from
angry strikers. O'Hara argues that American capitalists used the
Pinkertons to enforce new structures of economic and political
order. Yet the infamy of the Pinkerton agent also gave critics and
working communities a villain against which to frame their
resistance to the new industrial order. Ultimately, Inventing the
Pinkertons is a gripping look at how the histories of American
capitalism, industrial folklore, and the nation-state converged.
U.S. Steel created Gary, Indiana. The new steel plant and town
built on the site in 1906 were at once a triumph of industrial
capitalism and a bold experiment in urban planning. Gary became the
canvas onto which the American public projected its hopes and fears
about modern, industrial society. In its prime, Gary was known as
"the magic city," "steel s greatest achievement," and "an
industrial utopia"; later it would be called "the very model of
urban decay." S. Paul O Hara traces this stark reversal of fortune
and reveals America s changing expectations. He delivers a riveting
account of the boom or bust mentality of American industrialism
from the turn of the 20th century to the present day."
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