Industry 4.0 is changing how we manage operations to drive systems more intelligently. Technologies and applications are rapidly evolving. Disruptive technologies, such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and digital twin, are shaking up different industries and have motivated us to revisit engineering and management tools for improving system design, efficiency, effectiveness, reliability, and responsiveness. While these emerging technologies have powered new applications, novel industrial engineering methodologies are required to achieve the goals. Industrial Engineering was sprouted from major engineering disciplines that called for better professional understanding of industrialization. Ever since, the discipline of Industrial Engineering has been the star role player in confronting emerging industries; be it manufacturing, service, high tech products, outer space technology, information technology, industrial policy, ergonomics, and now the world’s greatest concern, sustainable development. This book presents the state-of-the-art in industrial engineering research from different countries and cities around the globe. The book covers a wide range of topics in industrial engineering, including: Demand Chain Management, E-business / Information Technology, Evolutionary Algorithm, Green Manufacturing/Management, Health Care Systems and more.