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Peter van Bergeijk brings together 40 leading experts from all
continents to analyze state-of-the-art data covering the sharp
increase in (smart) sanctions in the last decade. Original chapters
provide detailed analyses on the determinants of sanction success
and failure, complemented with innovative research on the impact of
sanctions. This timely Research Handbook provides both a thorough
discussion of methodology as well as evidence-based policy advice
on the efficient application of boycotts, embargoes, and targeted
sanctions, including trade, travel and financial sanctions. The use
of case studies from Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Russia illustrate
developments and demonstrate new methods, including stochastic
frontier analysis, comparative quantitative analysis and
meta-analysis. Providing crucial information, this Research
Handbook will be an excellent resource for academic researchers in
international political economy and international relations as well
as policy makers within national and global institutions. It will
also provide obligatory reading for students also studying within
these fields.
Discussing the Spanish Flu, HIV/AIDs, SARS and Ebola against the
background of Covid-19, Pandemic Economics demonstrates how
scientists consistently warned the world about pandemics, and how,
despite this, the possibility of global lockdown caused
unprecedented economic policies and ruin. The book prepares for the
next pandemic, that unquestionably will arrive, the impact of which
is predicted to potentially exceed that of the current Covid-19
wreckage. Highlighting how economic theory can anticipate a
pandemic's impact despite the uncertainty and unreliability of
traditional statistics, Peter van Bergeijk assesses the lack of
preparation by international economic institutions and the ability
for humanity to deeply hurt the economy by its response to
infectious disease. Chapters offer an overview and critical
analysis of global non-pharmaceutical interventions and economic
policies in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. Looking forward, the
book investigates the economic impact, policy (in)effectiveness and
resilience in different social contexts, illustrating a pandemic
trilemma of health, freedom and the economy. It suggests how to
prepare for the next pandemic at the individual level, in city
planning, nationally, internationally and globally, with a focus on
analysing the impact of pandemics from a global perspective.
Pandemic Economics will be a stimulating read for (health)
economics and development studies scholars as it provides a
historic overview of the uneven impact of pandemics, with up to
date studies of the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic. The
forward-looking suggestions for economic policies and preparations
for future pandemics will also make this an important read for
economic and health policy makers.
This timely book documents and analyses the seriousness of growing
national inequality in different regions around the world. It
argues that the treatment of inequality in the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) is wholly insufficient due to their
failure to recognise the growing difference between the income of
work and the income of capital and the super rich, and the strain
this places on a country's social fabric. Sustainable Development
Goals and Income Inequality provides a critical view on how
inequality is dealt with in the process of setting global goals. It
reviews the development of inequality globally and the various
processes leading up to formulation of the SDGs. With chapters from
top researchers on inequality and development economics it provides
a strong and unique intellectual basis for a more prominent
treatment of inequality in the follow up process to the SDGs.
Combining a global perspective and in-depth regional analysis, this
book will be of interest to students and academics in sustainable
development, social policy and development economics. Contributors
include: T. Addison, A. Cornia, P. Edward, R. Jolly, M. Luebker, D.
Nayyar, A. Sumner, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, J.
Vandemoortele, R. Vos
`Peter van Bergeijk has written a fascinating book on the recent
trade collapse, that in size can only be compared to the (trade)
crises of the 1930s. There are at least two reasons to read the
book. The first is to get a better understanding why the world has
witnessed a dramatic decline of international trade. Peter van
Bergeijk systematically analyzes the standard explanations that are
given for this collapse, for example those put forward by the WTO,
and concludes that most are wrong or unconvincing, and provides his
own thought provoking explanation: risk and uncertainty. The second
reason to read the book is that it provides all those interested in
international trade with a clear and interesting introduction to
understand the world of international trade and learn a great deal
along the way, and not only about the recent trade collapse.' -
Steven Brakman, University of Groningen, The Netherlands On the
Brink of Deglobalization addresses the breakdown of international
trade and capital flows in 2008/09 and challenges the mainstream
narrative for the world trade collapse. Detailed chapters on
international finance, fragmentation of production, protectionism
and earlier episodes of collapsing trade reveal data that
contradicts conventional explanations and demonstrates that the
trade collapse was driven by the shock of (perceived) trade
uncertainty. Peter van Bergeijk discusses why trade barriers and
import substitution are seen as solutions during depressions while
presenting empirical evidence demonstrating the risks of such
policies. This book provides a broad, historical and statistical
analysis relevant to understanding the recent world trade collapse.
Being the first comprehensive analysis of the risks and drivers of
deglobalization, this unique and challenging book will appeal to
trade economists, trade policymakers and analysts as well as those
involved in international business.
Taking stock of emerging planet data and analysing policies during
the global crisis, Earth Economics provides a comprehensive and
accessible introduction to basic macroeconomic concepts, methods
and principles, and their application to real world data.Written
principally for students seeking an introduction to macroeconomics,
this book offers a completely new angle to policy, with a focus on
the truly global level. Underpinned by empirical orientation of
state-of-the-art data, it introduces earth economics as the study
of the economy of our planet from the perspective of an autarkic
system (a 'closed economy'), focussing on policymaking that
improves global rather than national welfare. Key features include:
- A discourse on issues fundamental to the understanding of
macroeconomics. - An introduction to economists' tools and
concepts. Non-economists will learn how to survive in a discussion
with economists: where to ask questions, where to listen, where to
skip and where to ignore. - Presentation of extensive and
wide-ranging data in a consistent and comprehensive framework. -
In-depth treatment of key concepts including: aggregates, autarky,
closed economies, current accounts, earth economics, data,
macroeconomics, microeconomics, development and global public
goods. - Provision of a thorough, working understanding of the
subject matter via exercises set throughout the book, including:
questions on the text, calculations, formulating arguments and
preparation, analysis and interpretation of data and figures. See
the companion website - www dot eartheconomics dot info for updates
and additional information. Contents: Preface 1. Introduction: It
is the Only One We Have 2. Planet Accounts Part I: Short-term
Fluctuations and Demand Management 3. Earth's Business Cycle 4. Why
I = S and What That Means: The Building Blocks of Macroeconomic
Analysis 5. Investment, the IS Curve, and Product Market
Equilibrium 6. What About Government? 7. Money Matters! The LM
Curve and Money Market Equilibrium 8. Eartheconomic Demand and
Supply 9. Puzzling Disagreements Part II: Long Run 10. Long-Run
Growth 11. Development and Change 12. Limits to Growth? Part III:
Earth Governance and Global Public Goods 13. Global Public Goods
14. Global Peers: An Agenda References Index
The rapid integration of global governments, businesses and capital
has faced a dramatic and often hostile backlash in recent years. As
populist agendas worldwide gain momentum, Deglobalization 2.0
explores the key drivers of reactionary movements. From the 'Make
America Great Again' movement in the US, to Continental European
populism, Peter van Bergeijk explains the critical catalysts of
anti-globalization sentiment. Through a historical lens, this book
draws out similarities and differences between contemporary
developments and the economic crises of the 1930s, offering a
unique understanding of the political and economic drivers of
deglobalization. Focusing on wealth inequality, social uncertainty
and international competition for economic supremacy, van Bergeijk
examines and offers answers for the lacunae in the globalization
debate. Provocative, insightful and accessible, this book confronts
the deglobalization issue as a matter of real urgency and is thus
vital reading for policy makers and managers working in
international affairs and economic relations. It also offers
guidance for academics in international economics and relations
moving into the uncharted territory of deglobalization processes.
Modelling European Mergers presents a comprehensive and fresh
perspective on the economic analysis of mergers by leading
academics and competition policymakers from Europe and the US. The
book frankly discusses the pros and cons of using applied game
theory models in merger control from historical and theoretical
perspectives. Seven case studies on the actual use of advanced
techniques and models in legal procedures provide a perspective
from the national competition authorities in Belgium, Denmark,
Italy, The Netherlands and Sweden on markets that range from basic
goods such as bread and aperitifs to complex products such as
electricity, literature and software. The case studies provide many
insights into practical issues such as data collection, procedures
and errors of predication, as well as in the relative merits of
different econometric approaches. A recurring theme of the book is
how economic insights can be translated into convincing legal
decisions. The contributions cover a broad spectrum of markets,
methods and countries and the contributors offer incisive
reflection on the increasing use of economics in competition
policy. This unique book is a thorough transatlantic discussion of
academic and policy insights combined with applications based on
actual decisions. It will appeal to legal and economic
professionals who deal with and advise on mergers and acquisitions
whether they be in a ministry, central bank or competition
authority setting. Scholars and students interested in analysing
markets, law and economics, industrial organization and applied
econometrics will also find much to interest them in this work.
This book examines the monetary integration of the group of
countries which constitute the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU),
signalling the emergence of a truly European economy. The authors
devote their considerable expertise to the analysis of
macroeconomic policies within EMU and the economic analysis
underlying the conduct of these policies.The authors first analyse
the development of the euro area from a historical perspective.
They then examine the criteria for the first eleven countries to
qualify for EMU and speculate whether the same countries would have
joined if the qualification date had been a year later. The authors
go on to examine purely macroeconomic aspects of the euro area
including: the degree of real convergence in the euro area the
short-run and long-run determinants of the euro area's current
account the euro area's financial markets and implications for the
international role of the euro the organizational structure and
internal procedures of the European System of Central Banks the
Eurosystem's single monetary policy strategy fiscal policy and the
Stability and Growth Pact exchange rate policy issues. This book
will become required reading for scholars and policymakers in the
area's of European studies, macroeconomic policy and financial
economics.
This timely book documents and analyses the seriousness of growing
national inequality in different regions around the world. It
argues that the treatment of inequality in the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) is wholly insufficient due to their
failure to recognise the growing difference between the income of
work and the income of capital and the super rich, and the strain
this places on a country's social fabric. Sustainable Development
Goals and Income Inequality provides a critical view on how
inequality is dealt with in the process of setting global goals. It
reviews the development of inequality globally and the various
processes leading up to formulation of the SDGs. With chapters from
top researchers on inequality and development economics it provides
a strong and unique intellectual basis for a more prominent
treatment of inequality in the follow up process to the SDGs.
Combining a global perspective and in-depth regional analysis, this
book will be of interest to students and academics in sustainable
development, social policy and development economics. Contributors
include: T. Addison, A. Cornia, P. Edward, R. Jolly, M. Luebker, D.
Nayyar, A. Sumner, P.A.G. van Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, J.
Vandemoortele, R. Vos
The rapid integration of global governments, businesses and capital
has faced a dramatic and often hostile backlash in recent years. As
populist agendas worldwide gain momentum, Deglobalization 2.0
explores the key drivers of reactionary movements. From the 'Make
America Great Again' movement in the US, to Continental European
populism, Peter van Bergeijk explains the critical catalysts of
anti-globalization sentiment. Through a historical lens, this book
draws out similarities and differences between contemporary
developments and the economic crises of the 1930s, offering a
unique understanding of the political and economic drivers of
deglobalization. Focusing on wealth inequality, social uncertainty
and international competition for economic supremacy, van Bergeijk
examines and offers answers for the lacunae in the globalization
debate. Provocative, insightful and accessible, this book confronts
the deglobalization issue as a matter of real urgency and is thus
vital reading for policy makers and managers working in
international affairs and economic relations. It also offers
guidance for academics in international economics and relations
moving into the uncharted territory of deglobalization processes.
Globalization has increased both the heterogeneity and the stakes
of bilateral economic relationships. Drawing on recent
macroeconomic and microdata studies, Peter A.G. van Bergeijk
estimates the impact of market failures and related border effects,
exploring under which conditions these can be solved by state
visits, export promotion and embassies. The book presents an
overview of the general aspects of trade uncertainty, a central
element in the analysis of economic diplomacy, illustrating that
some instruments, such as sanctions (both positive and negative),
increase trade uncertainty, whilst others - multilateral trade
policy, for instance - aim to reduce this uncertainty. Commercial
policy and bilateral economic diplomacy are explored, and economic
sanctions analysed. An extensive review of the literature and
empirical investigations of 161 sanctions and the commercial
relationships of 37 countries provide topical and empirical
perspectives on how international diplomacy may both be a cost and
a benefit of the key drivers of productivity growth. Finally,
policy conclusions are drawn, and a future research agenda
presented. This timely, state-of-the-art treatment of economic
diplomacy will be of enormous interest to students, researchers,
and academics focussing on international political economy,
international economics and public policy. Policy makers will also
find much to engage them within this book.
Privatization, Deregulation and the Macroeconomy focuses on the
macroeconomic consequences of microeconomic rigidity in the markets
for goods or services and the reforms necessary to create economic
dynamism. Peter van Bergeijk and Robert Haffner address questions
of how market structure, competition policy, over-regulation and
collusive behaviour may influence macroeconomic performance.
Drawing on many examples from the OECD countries (most notably,
Germany, New Zealand, Australia and the Netherlands), Eastern
Europe and the Third World, the authors show how economic policies
intended to provide greater flexibility can be analysed. The
authors examine the diagnosis or measurement of product market
inertia at the mesoeconomic level and its consequences at the
macroeconomic level such as employment, per capita income growth
and price stability. In Privatization, Deregulation and the
Macroeconomy, Peter van Bergeijk and Robert Haffner deal not only
with practical policy matters but also with the theoretical issues
of how to determine price rigidity (hysteresis on the product
markets) and their macroeconomic implications. This book will be
welcomed by economists interested in industrial organization,
macroeconomics, neo Keynesianism, development economics and
transitional economies and will also be of interest to
policymakers.
Bilateral economic diplomacy is an increasingly popular method of
ensuring both commercial and broader economic interests. In this
Handbook over 30 leading experts from developed and developing
countries, industrial nations and emerging economies have come
together to form a global view of economic diplomacy. Representing
a move away from Euro-centric books on the topic, this Handbook
uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research to
explore how state visits, embassies and economic sanctions are
being increasingly used as forms of diplomacy. Editors Peter van
Bergeijk and Selwyn Moons have ensured that the entire research
process is covered, from data collection to evidence-based policy
advice. As such, the Handbook reveals how and under which
conditions economic diplomacy can be most effective, proving an
invaluable tool for future research. The Research Handbook for
Economic Diplomacy is a key resource for academics and researchers
at policy institutions who wish to understand the field in greater
depth. Policy makers and other actors at domestic and international
levels would also greatly benefit from this extensive international
view of economy diplomacy.
The Financial Crisis and Developing Countries is an invaluable
discussion and analysis of the regional and country specific
impacts of the financial crisis in both emerging markets and
developing countries. Using heterodox and mainstream methodologies,
the book develops a multidisciplinary perspective on the crisis,
showing empirical impacts on the poor and vulnerable. It examines
how the crisis continues to change our concepts of development,
critically discusses mainstream approaches, and analyses (global)
governance responses including of the G20. The contributors
critically assess the measures taken to deal with the crisis, and
reveal that many elements that have led to crisis (inequality,
inappropriate international financial architecture, structural
imbalances) have not been dealt sufficiently, and as a result new
crises will continue to emerge. Exploring a global and
inter-disciplinary view, this timely book provides accessible
information on the impact of the crisis that will prove relevant
for students of development studies and international economics.
Researchers and policymakers including in foreign and economic
affairs, development cooperation, and international institutions
interested in understanding the impact of the global economy will
also find much to learn from this important book. Contributors: F.
Cheru, H. Clemens, A. de Haan, A.M. Fischer, J. Ghosh, S. Gong, D.
Green, K. Jansen, A. Kapoor, R. King, R. Marconi, M. Messkoub, S.M.
Murshed, F.B. Schiphorst, K.A. Siegmann, M. Spoor, P.A.G. van
Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, I. van Staveren, R. Vos, B. White
`Peter van Bergeijk has written a fascinating book on the recent
trade collapse, that in size can only be compared to the (trade)
crises of the 1930s. There are at least two reasons to read the
book. The first is to get a better understanding why the world has
witnessed a dramatic decline of international trade. Peter van
Bergeijk systematically analyzes the standard explanations that are
given for this collapse, for example those put forward by the WTO,
and concludes that most are wrong or unconvincing, and provides his
own thought provoking explanation: risk and uncertainty. The second
reason to read the book is that it provides all those interested in
international trade with a clear and interesting introduction to
understand the world of international trade and learn a great deal
along the way, and not only about the recent trade collapse.' -
Steven Brakman, University of Groningen, The Netherlands On the
Brink of Deglobalization addresses the breakdown of international
trade and capital flows in 2008/09 and challenges the mainstream
narrative for the world trade collapse. Detailed chapters on
international finance, fragmentation of production, protectionism
and earlier episodes of collapsing trade reveal data that
contradicts conventional explanations and demonstrates that the
trade collapse was driven by the shock of (perceived) trade
uncertainty. Peter van Bergeijk discusses why trade barriers and
import substitution are seen as solutions during depressions while
presenting empirical evidence demonstrating the risks of such
policies. This book provides a broad, historical and statistical
analysis relevant to understanding the recent world trade collapse.
Being the first comprehensive analysis of the risks and drivers of
deglobalization, this unique and challenging book will appeal to
trade economists, trade policymakers and analysts as well as those
involved in international business.
Taking stock of emerging planet data and analysing policies during
the global crisis, Earth Economics provides a comprehensive and
accessible introduction to basic macroeconomic concepts, methods
and principles, and their application to real world data.Written
principally for students seeking an introduction to macroeconomics,
this book offers a completely new angle to policy, with a focus on
the truly global level. Underpinned by empirical orientation of
state-of-the-art data, it introduces earth economics as the study
of the economy of our planet from the perspective of an autarkic
system (a 'closed economy'), focussing on policymaking that
improves global rather than national welfare. Key features include:
- A discourse on issues fundamental to the understanding of
macroeconomics. - An introduction to economists' tools and
concepts. Non-economists will learn how to survive in a discussion
with economists: where to ask questions, where to listen, where to
skip and where to ignore. - Presentation of extensive and
wide-ranging data in a consistent and comprehensive framework. -
In-depth treatment of key concepts including: aggregates, autarky,
closed economies, current accounts, earth economics, data,
macroeconomics, microeconomics, development and global public
goods. - Provision of a thorough, working understanding of the
subject matter via exercises set throughout the book, including:
questions on the text, calculations, formulating arguments and
preparation, analysis and interpretation of data and figures. See
the companion website - www dot eartheconomics dot info for updates
and additional information. Contents: Preface 1. Introduction: It
is the Only One We Have 2. Planet Accounts Part I: Short-term
Fluctuations and Demand Management 3. Earth's Business Cycle 4. Why
I = S and What That Means: The Building Blocks of Macroeconomic
Analysis 5. Investment, the IS Curve, and Product Market
Equilibrium 6. What About Government? 7. Money Matters! The LM
Curve and Money Market Equilibrium 8. Eartheconomic Demand and
Supply 9. Puzzling Disagreements Part II: Long Run 10. Long-Run
Growth 11. Development and Change 12. Limits to Growth? Part III:
Earth Governance and Global Public Goods 13. Global Public Goods
14. Global Peers: An Agenda References Index
This book provides a thorough understanding of the key policy
debates on international trade and investment for development with
a focus on the East African Community (EAC) to strengthen Member
States' capacity to develop policies to promote their exports'
competitiveness and diversification. Beyond Member States', the
book serves as a base for a deeper understanding of the challenges,
opportunities and requirements of the intra-continental trade
agreement which is now in sight with the ratification of the
Tripartite (EAC-COMESA-SADC) Free Trade Area that is critical in
addressing key constraints to trade in the African continent.
Moreover, the lessons from this edited volume may also extend to
the challenges and opportunities of the African Continental Free
Trade Area. The book brings together a comprehensive overview and
an evidence-based analysis that can be considered best practice in
the region. The trade and investment policy analysis of constraints
and opportunities aims to improve trade and competitiveness and
covers macro- (economy-wide), meso- (sectoral) and micro- (firm or
household) levels. This multi-level approach is crucial for
understanding how current trade and investment policies limit
competitiveness and diversification in order to identify more
tangible policy action for overcoming such constraints. The
individual contributors follow comprehensive applied empirical
approaches, and each chapter generates knowledge needed to identify
key challenges and opportunities focusing on research-led
policy-relevant approaches that enable readers to better understand
national, bilateral, and multilateral cooperation as well as
policies for sustainable development in East Africa. The
contributors know the EAC context very well as their engagement in
policymaking goes beyond the context of the papers they are writing
about. The individual chapters were developed as part of a research
and capacity building programme under the aegis of ACP and EU that
we implemented in 2020-2022. The research project well fits into
the Frontiers in African Business Research series as we have many
African contributors. The contributions matter to policymakers and
academic circles. For students, the book serves as an excellent
guide for understanding international trade and investment theories
and gaining up-to-date knowledge on developments in the world
economy and their effects on developing countries and SDGs. Trade
policy researchers and students will be able to extend theories and
empirical data to address new and emerging topics beyond the
settings already covered in the book.
This insightful book focuses on the economic consequences of
structural reform policies in the economies at the cutting edge of
reform: Denmark, The Netherlands, New Zealand and Norway. The
contributors examine policies aimed at improving the underlying
path of growth, employment and saving-investment balances of the
economy and apply state of the art methods to measure and model
structural reforms. They examine the areas of competition policy,
regulation of entry barriers, non-tariff trade barriers and
employment protection rules as well as the quality of education and
training, the efficiency of various public sector agencies and
labour supply effects of care for children and the elderly. Special
attention is paid to two 'success stories': New Zealand's
'Kiwi-model' and the Dutch 'Polder-model'. The book provides a
welcome addition to the scarce evidence on both the costs and the
benefits of structural reform and identifies the policy problems
and the analytical issues at stake. This book will be indispensable
to policymakers and academics with an interest in structural reform
and macroeconomic policy.
The Financial Crisis and Developing Countries is an invaluable
discussion and analysis of the regional and country specific
impacts of the financial crisis in both emerging markets and
developing countries. Using heterodox and mainstream methodologies,
the book develops a multidisciplinary perspective on the crisis,
showing empirical impacts on the poor and vulnerable. It examines
how the crisis continues to change our concepts of development,
critically discusses mainstream approaches, and analyses (global)
governance responses including of the G20. The contributors
critically assess the measures taken to deal with the crisis, and
reveal that many elements that have led to crisis (inequality,
inappropriate international financial architecture, structural
imbalances) have not been dealt sufficiently, and as a result new
crises will continue to emerge. Exploring a global and
inter-disciplinary view, this timely book provides accessible
information on the impact of the crisis that will prove relevant
for students of development studies and international economics.
Researchers and policymakers including in foreign and economic
affairs, development cooperation, and international institutions
interested in understanding the impact of the global economy will
also find much to learn from this important book. Contributors: F.
Cheru, H. Clemens, A. de Haan, A.M. Fischer, J. Ghosh, S. Gong, D.
Green, K. Jansen, A. Kapoor, R. King, R. Marconi, M. Messkoub, S.M.
Murshed, F.B. Schiphorst, K.A. Siegmann, M. Spoor, P.A.G. van
Bergeijk, R. van der Hoeven, I. van Staveren, R. Vos, B. White
How do borders affect trade? Are cultural and institutional
differences important for trade? Is environmental policy relevant
to trade? How does one's income or wage relate to the fact that
trade partners are nearby or far away? These are just some of the
important questions that can be answered using the gravity model of
international trade. This model predicts and explains bilateral
trade flows in terms of the economic size and distance between
trading partners (e.g. states, regions, countries, trading blocs).
In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in this model
and it is now one of the most widely applied tools in applied
international economics. This book traces the history of the
gravity model and takes stock of recent methodological and
theoretical advances, including new approximations for multilateral
trade resistance, insightful analyses of the measurement of
economic distance and analyses of foreign direct investment.
How do borders affect trade? Are cultural and institutional
differences important for trade? Is environmental policy relevant
to trade? How does one's income or wage relate to the fact that
trade partners are nearby or far away? These are just some of the
important questions that can be answered using the gravity model of
international trade. This model predicts and explains bilateral
trade flows in terms of the economic size and distance between
trading partners (e.g. states, regions, countries, trading blocs).
In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in this model
and it is now one of the most widely applied tools in applied
international economics. This book traces the history of the
gravity model and takes stock of recent methodological and
theoretical advances, including new approximations for multilateral
trade resistance, insightful analyses of the measurement of
economic distance and analyses of foreign direct investment.
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