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The volume contains a selection of the papers given at an
international conference organized in 1995 on the application of
new theories and description methods to the lexicological analysis
and lexicographic description of the Romance languages, with
special reference to French and Italian. Central subjects are: the
fine-honing and reformulation of the structuralist approach to the
analysis of semantic features in the light of more recent
developments and approaches (cognitive semantics, frames and
scenes, stereotype semantics); the semantics of morphologically
complex words; the syntactic aspects of the lexicon (modern
versions of valency theory, lexical-functional grammar); and the
role of the computer in the ongoing development of methods of
analysis and description of semantic and syntactic structures of
the lexicon in lexicography and elsewhere.
The articles in this volume are revised versions of papers
presented at an international colloquium in Munich in 2001. With
special reference to French, the authors attempt a cognitive
interpretation of language features and texts from a decidedly
historical viewpoint. Implicit in the project is the hope that
'cognitive history' will be able to establish itself as a third
approach alongside external history (largely event-based) and
internal history (derived from the structuralist model). Among the
topics addressed are schematization, conceptualization, lexical
variation, and enunciation.
The 'profile' of a word is understood here as the totality of the
semantic, combinatory, and grammatical features determining its
specific communicative potential. The book provides profiles of
well over 100 French nouns and verbs, thus supplying new
foundations for the distinction of synonyms, the differentiation of
subordinate meanings, and the etymology of the words in question.
The study draws upon large-scale electronic corpora (modern novels,
newspapers). The purpose of this approach is to demonstrate that
the typical collocations encountered in everyday usage can be
explained with reference to deeper semantic and cognitive
structures.
The comparison of mother tongue and target language has, for a long
time, created a bridge between the practical and the academic work
in language in German university studies. This course book is an
introduction to this central area of philological study for German
speaking students of French and French speaking students of German.
It also enables a familiarization with the state of today's
research.
Quels sont, de nos jours, les principaux objectifs et les methodes
novatrices en matiere d'histoire de la langue francaise ? Comment
concevoir les relations entre linguistique diachronique, histoire
de la langue et sociolinguistique historique ? Dans quelle mesure
convient-il de remettre en question l'opposition traditionnelle
entre facteurs de changement linguistique internes et externes a la
langue ? Faut-il etre a la fois historien et linguiste pour faire
de l'histoire de la langue ? C'est a ces questions que le volume
tente de repondre, en mettant en relief, d'une part, les
innovations methodologiques liees a la linguistique de corpus, en
insistant, d'autre part, sur le role de certains phenomenes
societaux, dont la pertinence pour l'evolution linguistique parait
probable.
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