This is a book about American intellectuals as would-be social reformers and what happens to them in the arena of practical politics. Specifically, it examines the lives of ten highly idealistic Christian socialist and anarchist intellectuals of the 1890s who were profoundly influenced -- indeed inspired -- by the prophetic social messages and exemplary lives of Tolstoy, Mazzini, and Ruskin. The ten Americans -- including ministers, journalists, professors, and poets -- were constantly thwarted in their efforts to apply the Golden Rule and the ethics of Jesus not only to the socioeconomic institutions of their society, but to their own lives as well. These ten Christian knights rode high on clouds of words, carrying swords of good intentions, tilting at windmills often of their own despair. As a result, they paid the price (as Emerson said) of being "too intellectual." This is, indeed, a story of noble dreams, frustration, agonizing self-doubts and, ultimately, of failure. Peter J. Frederick develops his argument by comparing and contrasting the intellectuals in pairs, examining the many forms frustrated activism can take. His study emerges as a critique of the Social Gospel movement from a New Left perspective; implicitly, it is a critique of the contemporary New Left, approached with empathetic understanding. Ethical, decisive action, he concludes, is essential not only for effective reform but for the psychic well-being of the intellectual.

Providing students with a thought-provoking account of America's past, "The American People" examines how American society assumed its present shape and developed its present forms of government. Emphasizing the interaction of ordinary Americans with extraordinary events, the text combines the discussion of political events with analysis of their impact on social and economic life. The comprehensive narrative encompasses description of the lives and experiences of Americans of all national origins and cultural backgrounds, at all class levels of society, and in all regions of the country. The thoughtful analysis seeks the connections among the political, social, economic, technological, and cultural factors that have shaped and reshaped American society over four centuries.