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This book tracks a particular understanding of self,
philosophically, from research evidence and in its implications for
psychotherapy. At each step, the author includes first the theory
he is working from, then the clinical implications of the theory,
followed by some links to the philosophical outlook inherent in the
theory, and finally a more extended case example.It takes the view
that the continuing self is partly an illusion, partly a construct,
and that we in fact have to work to stay the same in the face of
all the different possibilities the world offers us. The author
believes that we do this for two reasons. First of all, continuity
allows deeper contact: friendships, loving relationships with
partners and families. Secondly, and balancing this, the
predictable is less anxiety-producing, and that we avoid this
existential anxiety by acting in a stereotyped way and avoiding
some of the depths of contact.
This book is a collection of articles written in the period
1985-2011. The articles form a background for perspectives that
concern the foundations of Gestalt therapy: foundations in
philosophy and foundations in psychoanalysis and connections with
other therapeutic theories.
There has been a renewed interest in the last ten years in the
underpinnings theoretical, philosophical, and historical of the
Gestalt approach. Often in the past, these have been lost in
oversimplified versions of the therapy. The author's aim in his
writings has been to provide a full and coherent account of Gestalt
theory, and to emphasize our links to our therapeutic and
philosophical heritage, particularly psychoanalysis and
existentialism. His theme is a field-relational theory of self as
the centrepiece of the approach, and how this has been placed
within a structure that is still recognizably psychoanalytic. In
this approach, self is understood as meaningful only in relation to
what is taken as other, and how that other is contacted. The
formation of a relatively coherent self-concept is a task, not a
given, and can be problematic as well as helpful (when it no longer
supports the person s life-situation). Thus therapy is not an
attunement to a self inherent in the client, but an exploration of
contacting and awareness; and the therapist s stance can never
truly be seen as neutral. Many of these ideas have found their way
in some form into other therapeutic approaches (Intersubjectivity
Theory, Dialectical Behavior Therapy), and the actual relationship
between therapist and client is acknowledged as highly significant.
However, this has usually happened without the underpinning of a
systematic field-relational approach to psychotherapy, and Gestalt
Therapy, which has one, has for historical reasons not been in a
position to engage with these developments. Fortunately this is now
changing, and it is hoped that this work will help that
development."
This book tracks a particular understanding of self,
philosophically, from research evidence and its implications for
psychotherapy. At each step, the author includes the theory, the
clinical implications of the theory, links to the philosophical
outlook inherent in the theory, and finally a more extended case
example.Philipsson takes the view that the continuing self is
partly an illusion, partly a construct, and that we in fact have to
work to stay the same in the face of all the different
possibilities the world offers us. He believes that we do this for
two reasons. First, continuity allows deeper contact: friendships,
loving relationships with partners and families. Second, the
predictable is less anxiety-producing, and that we avoid this
existential anxiety by acting in a stereotyped way and avoiding
some of the depths of contact. He argues that this dual nature of
continuing self, in one context deepening contact and in another
context avoiding contact, has an important place in the
understanding of psychotherapy.
From the introduction: So I would commend these formative writings
of Fritz Perls to those who would get a fuller sense of the
original ideas of Gestalt therapy, a work in progress, but already
a fairly consistent field-relational approach to psychology and
therapy. My hope is that, with more people reading these papers and
our 'Bible, ' Perls, Hefferline and Goodman, the discussion of what
is useful and what needs reworking can be grounded in a rediscovery
of what is exciting and unique in Perls' ideas. Peter Philippson
January, 2012 Contents: Planned Psychotherapy Frederick Perls
delivered this talk at the William Alanson White Institute in late
1947 or early 1948. Theory and Technique of Personality Integration
Reprinted from American Journal of Psychotherapy, October 1948 The
Theory of "The Removal of Inner Conflict (co-authored with Paul
Goodman) Reprinted from Resistance Introduction to A Doctor's
Report on Dianetics: Theory and Therapy by J. A. Winter (1951)
Psychiatry in a New Key "Psychiatry in a New Key" is a manuscript
Perls started sometime in the early 1950's. It was first published
in The Gestalt Journal in 1977. Morality Ego Boundary, and
Aggression Reprinted from Complex, #9, 1955. Finding Self Through
Gestalt Therapy Fritz Perls delivered this talk as part of the
Cooper Union Forum Lecture Series: "The Self" in New York City on
March 6, 1957. Gestalt Therapy and Cybernetics In 1958, Jacob L.
Moreno invited Frederick Perls to write an article discussing the
similarities between Gestalt therapy and Cybernetics for
publication in Moreno's publication, Sociometry: A Journal of
Interpersonal Relations. Moreno decided not to publish the article.
Resolution This paper was given as a talk at Mendocino State
Hospital, Talmage, California, in 1959 as the conclusion of a
series of talks and demonstrations Gestalt Therapy and Human
Potentialities. Reprinted from Explorations in Human
Potentialities, edited by Herbert A. Otto in 1966 Group vs.
Individual Therapy Reprinted from Etc: A Review of General
Semantics, Vol. 34, No. 3,1967
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