From 1987 to 1990, in collaboration with several Danish research institutes, the Tunisian Institut National de Patrimonie carried out an extensive archaeological survey in the valley known as the Segermes basis, in Tunisia. The results of that work are contained in three volumes entitled Africa Proconsularis. This volume reviews the information and looks at the historical conclusions. The objective of this encyclopedia work is to reveal the economic mechanisms and social relations between a town and its environs in antiquity. It begins with an exploration of the pioneering work of area around Segermes. Information from later archaeological expeditions is included.

What was the relationship between city and country in the Roman Empire? The writings which have been preserved show an enormous empire, divided into "cells", each with a city at its centre. But the written sources are few, and focus mainly on the cities of Italy; they do not tell what life was like in the Roman provinces. Through systematic studies of the ancient landscape in Northern Tunisia, archaeologists have reconstructed the day-to-day history and economic activity of the rural population around the city of Segermes. Over 100 persons have been involved in this joint Danish-Tunisian project. The findings presented in these two volumes indicate that in Roman times, the valley was given over to intensive cultivation of wheat and olives, maintained at a high output level by means of extensive irrigation works. The population was dense and, surprisingly, reached its peak between 350 and 550 AD, a period of economic decline elsewhere in the Roman Empire.