The main classes of inverse problems for equations of mathematical physics and their numerical solution methods are considered in this book which is intended for graduate students and experts in applied mathematics, computational mathematics, and mathematical modelling.

This book discusses questions of numerical solutions of applied problems on parallel computing systems. Nowadays, engineering and scientific computations are carried out on parallel computing systems, which provide parallel data processing on a few computing nodes. In the development of up-to-date applied software, this feature of computers must be taken into account for the maximum efficient usage of their resources. In constructing computational algorithms, we should separate relatively independent subproblems in order to solve them on a single computing node.

In this book wedescribe the basic elements of present computational technologies that use the algorithmic languages C/C++. The emphasis is on GNU compilers and libraries, FOSS for the solution of computational mathematics problems and visualization of the obtained data. At the beginning, a brief introduction to C is given with emphasis on its easy use in scientific and engineering computations.We describe the basic elements of the language, such as variables, data types, executable statements, functions, arrays, pointers, dynamic memory and file management. After that, we present some observations on the C++ programming language.We discuss the issues of program compiling, linking, and debugging. A quick guide to Eclipse is also presented in the book. The main features for editing, compiling, debugging and application assembling are considered.As examples, wesolve the standard problems of computational mathematics: operations with vectors and matrices, linear algebra problems, solution of nonlinear equations, numerical differentiation and integration, interpolation, initial value problems for ODEs and so on. Finally, basic features ofcomputational technologies are illustrated with model problems. All programs are implemented in C/C++ with using the GSL library. Gnuplot is employed to visualize the results of computations.