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Science, technology, and medicine all contributed to the emerging
modern Japanese empire and conditioned key elements of post-war
development. As the only emerging non-Western country that was a
colonial power in its own right, Japan utilized these fields not
only to define itself as racially different from other Asian
countries and thus justify its imperialist activities, but also to
position itself within the civilized and enlightened world with the
advantages of modern science, technologies, and medicine. This book
explores the ways in which scientists, engineers and physicians
worked directly and indirectly to support the creation of a new
Japanese empire, focussing on the eve of World War I and linking
their efforts to later post-war developments. By claiming status as
a modern, internationally-engaged country, the Japanese government
was faced with having to control pathogens that might otherwise not
have threatened the nation. Through the use of traditional and
innovative techniques, this volume shows how the government was
able to fulfil the state's responsibility to protect society to
varying degrees. The contributors push the field of the history of
science, technology and medicine in Japan in new directions,
raising questions about the definitions of diseases, the false
starts in advancing knowledge, and highlighting the very human
nature of fields which, on the surface, seem to non-specialists to
be highly rational. Challenging older interpretative tendencies,
this book highlights the vigour of the field and the potential for
future development. Therefore, it will be of huge interest to
students and scholars of Japanese history, Asian history, the
history of science and technology and the history of medicine.
Science, technology, and medicine all contributed to the emerging
modern Japanese empire and conditioned key elements of post-war
development. As the only emerging non-Western country that was a
colonial power in its own right, Japan utilized these fields not
only to define itself as racially different from other Asian
countries and thus justify its imperialist activities, but also to
position itself within the civilized and enlightened world with the
advantages of modern science, technologies, and medicine. This book
explores the ways in which scientists, engineers and physicians
worked directly and indirectly to support the creation of a new
Japanese empire, focussing on the eve of World War I and linking
their efforts to later post-war developments. By claiming status as
a modern, internationally-engaged country, the Japanese government
was faced with having to control pathogens that might otherwise not
have threatened the nation. Through the use of traditional and
innovative techniques, this volume shows how the government was
able to fulfil the state's responsibility to protect society to
varying degrees. Chapter 14 of this book is freely available as a
downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons
Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license.
https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138905337_oachapter14.pdf
Hydraulic Societies explores the linked themes of water, power,
state-building, and hydraulic control. Bringing together a range of
ecological, geographical, chronological, and methodological
perspectives, the essays in this book address the how humans have
long harnessed water and sought to contain its destructive power
for political, economic and social ends. Water defines every aspect
of life and remains at the center of human activity: in irrigation
and agriculture; waste and sanitation; drinking and disease; floods
and droughts; religious beliefs and practices; fishing and
aquaculture; travel and discovery; scientific study; water
pollution and conservation; multi-purpose dam building; boundaries
and borders; politics and economic life; and wars and diplomacy.
 From the earliest large irrigation works thousands of years
ago, control over water has involved control over people, as the
essays in this volume reflect. The intersections of water and
political, economic, and social power historically span
international as well as domestic politics and operate at scales
ranging from the local to the global. The authors consider the role
of water in national development schemes, water distribution as a
tool of political power, international disputes over waterways and
water supplies, and the place of water in armed conflicts. They
explore the ways in which political power and social hierarchies
have themselves been defined and redefined by water and its
control, how state leaders legitimized their rule both culturally
and economically through the control of water, and how water
management schemes were a means to impose and refine colonial
power.
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