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This book examines the impact of multinational enterprises (MNEs)
on local economies, and presents selected case studies of MNEs
operating in low income countries. By balancing external social and
environmental costs against its corresponding benefits, the book
demonstrates that MNEs can have a positive net-impact on local
development if they build up social capital by embedding themselves
in local economies and engaging responsibly with local
stakeholders. By doing so MNEs contribute to inclusive growth, a
central pillar of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In this
context, the book challenges popular narratives in civil society
and academia that frame foreign direct investment (FDI) merely as a
threat to human rights and sustainable development. Moreover, it
offers practical guidance for globally operating businesses seeking
to establish progressive Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
strategies of their own.
This book addresses the ability of market-based instruments to
improve the sustainable provision of environmental services. The
author combines field research and insights from the
multi-stakeholder dialogue at the FAO to analyze the gap between
the predictions provided by theory and the corresponding outcomes
in practice. In particular, the author challenges the theory behind
Payments for Environmental Services (PES), a concept derived from
neoclassical welfare economics, by demonstrating that PES projects
often lack financial sustainability unless local entrepreneurs make
use of the resulting new networks to create innovative markets for
environmental goods. The author calls for a shift of focus from
regulation to innovation in projects and policies designed to
improve the provision of environmental services. Its spotlight on
the positive social impacts of companies that engage in hybrid PES
schemes will make the book appealing to practitioners and
policymakers alike.
The introduction of new technologies can be controversial,
especially when they create ethical tensions as well as winners and
losers among stakeholders and interest groups. While ethical
tensions resulting from the genetic modification of crops and
plants and their supportive gene technologies have been apparent
for decades, persistent challenges remain. This book explores the
contemporary nature, type, extent and implications of ethical
tensions resulting from agricultural biotechnology specifically and
technology generally. There are four main arenas of ethical
tensions: public opinion, policy and regulation, technology as
solutions to problems, and older versus new technologies.
Contributions focus on one or more of these arenas by identifying
the ethical tensions technology creates and articulating emerging
fault lines and, where possible, viable solutions. Key features
include: Focusing on contemporary challenges created by new and
emerging technologies, especially agricultural biotechnology.
Identifying a unique perspective by considering the problem of
ethical tensions created or enhanced by new technologies. Providing
an interdisciplinary perspective by including perspectives from
sociologists, economists, philosophers and other social scientists.
This book will be of interest to academics in agricultural
economics, sociology and philosophy and policymakers concerned with
introducing new technology into agriculture.
German description: Unser moralisches Empfinden ist von den
Emotionen Gluck und Angst gepragt. Sie gelten gar als Motor
moralischen Handelns. Doch in unserer Gesellschaft herrscht nach
wie vor eine strikte Trennung von Eigeninteresse und Moral. Wahrend
Freiheit und Autonomie gepriesen werden, sollen wir in erster Linie
Gefuhle vertreten, die nicht unsere eigenen sind. Das vergrossert
die Kluft zwischen Sein und Schein. Experimentelle Forschung im
Grenzbereich von Moralpsychologie, Neurowissenschaften und
Verhaltensokonomie wie auch neuere Erkenntnisse aus den
interdisziplinaren Geistes- und insbesondere
Religionswissenschaften lassen ein neues Bild des Menschen
entstehen. Es hat wenig mit dem eines rationalen und an
Idealvorstellungen orientierten Entscheidungsfinders zu tun, wie es
bisher in Okonomie und Ethik dominiert hat. Demnach gibt es weder
den Menschen, der ausschliesslich an kurzfristiger und rein
materieller Nutzenmaximierung interessiert ist, noch gibt es den
komplett uneigennutzigen Typus, der immer nur an das Wohl der
Allgemeinheit denkt. Mit einem Interview mit dem israelischen
Historiker Shlomo Sand (Die Erfindung des judischen Volkes).
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