Why is it difficult for so many companies to get digital identity right? If you're still wrestling with even simple identity problems like modern website authentication, this practical book has the answers you need. Author Phil Windley provides conceptual frameworks to help you make sense of all the protocols, standards, and solutions available and includes suggestions for where and when you can apply them. By linking current social login solutions to emerging self-sovereign identity issues, this book explains how digital identity works and gives you a firm grasp on what's coming and how you can take advantage of it to solve your most pressing identity problems. VPs and directors will learn how to more effectively leverage identity across their businesses. This book helps you: Learn why functional online identity is still a difficult problem for most companies Understand the purpose of digital identity and why it's fundamental to your business strategy Learn why "rolling your own" digital identity infrastructure is a bad idea Differentiate between core ideas such as authentication and authorization Explore the properties of centralized, federated, and decentralized identity systems Determine the right authorization methods for your specific application Understand core concepts such as trust, risk, security, and privacy Learn how digital identity and self-sovereign identity can make a difference for you and your organization

This volumecontains the proceedingsof the Second InternationalConferenceon Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD'98), organized November 4-6, in Palo Alto, California, USA. The rst event of this series was organized byMandayamSrivasand Albert Camilleriin 1996 inPaloAlto. FMCAD, which evolved from the series Theorem Provers in Circuit Design (TPCD), strives to beapremierforumfordisseminatingresearchinFormalVeri cation(FV) me- ods for digital circuits and systems, including processors, custom VLSI circuits, microcode, andreactivesoftware.Inadditiontosigni cantcase-studiesandve- cationapproaches, FMCADalsoendeavorstorepresentadvancesinthedriving technologies for veri cation, including binary decision diagrams, model che- ing, symbolicreasoning(theorem proving), symbolicsimulation, andabstraction methods. Theconferenceincludedfourinvitedlectures.Theinvitedlecturesweregiven by Kenneth McMillan (Cadence Berkeley Labs) on Minimalist proof assistants: interactions of technology and methodology in formal system level veric ation, by Carl-Johan Seger on Formal methods in CAD from an industrial perspective, by Randal E. Bryant and Bwolen Yang on A performance study of BDD-based model checking, and by Amir Pnueli on Veric ation of data-insensitive circuits: an in-order-retirement case study. Of the 55 regular paper submissionsreceived, 27 were selected by the technical program committee for presentation at the conference. All four tools papers received were also selected. We gratefully acknowledge the services of the technical program comm- tee of FMCAD'98, which consisted of Adnan Aziz (Univ. of Texas at Austin, USA), AlanHu(Univ.ofBritishColumbia, Canada), Albert Camilleri(Hewlett- Packard, USA), CarlPixley(Motorola, USA), CarlosDelgadoKloos (Univ. C- los III de Madrid, Spain), Ching-TsunChou (Intel, USA), EduardCerny (Univ