The book focuses on fractal control and applications in various fields. Fractal phenomena occur in nonlinear models, and since the behaviors depicted by fractals need to be controlled in practical applications, an understanding of fractal control is necessary. This book introduces readers to Julia set fractals and Mandelbrot set fractals in a range of models, such as physical systems, biological systems and SIRS models, and discusses controllers designed to control these fractals. Further, it demonstrates how the fractal dimension can be calculated in order to describe the complexity of various systems.Offering a comprehensive and systematic overview of the practical issues in fractal control, this book is a valuable resource for readers interested in practical solutions in fractal control. It will also appeal to researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of fractal control and applications, as well as chaos control and applications.

This book provides a detailed and up-to- date analysis of the current and near-future domestic economic situation in China based on the concept of "New Normal", which was first proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping and which is commonly used in discussions on China's current economy. China's New Normal is the result of the growing pressures on domestic resources, environmental restrictions, and unstable international economic recovery and characterized by a moderate economic increase, a proper increase in commodity pricing, stabilizing new employment and optimizing economic structure. The book argues that while China focuses on stability and quality in macro-control and enhancing reform and innovation, many contradictions and problems in economic operations are gradually being solved, therefore optimizing the economic structure. The book explores many aspects of China's economic development under the "New Normal" while making analysis and policy suggestions for the present economic trends.

This book comprehensively describes high-resolution microwave imaging and super-resolution information processing technologies and discusses new theories, methods and achievements in the high-resolution microwave imaging fields. Its chapters, which include abundant research results and examples, systematically summarize the authors' main research findings in recent years. The book is intended for researchers, engineers and postgraduates in the fields of electronics systems, signal information processing and data analysis, microwave remote sensing and microwave imaging radar, as well as space technology, especially in the microwave remote sensing and airborne or space-borne microwave imaging radar fields.

This monograph offers a detailed analysis of the creation, pilot implementation, and possible wide adoption of the real property tax at the local level in China. Starting in 2003, as China's economy gradually recovered from the Asian financial crisis that started in 1998, the real property market entered a period of rapid expansion, followed immediately by rampant speculation, rising housing costs, and official corruption. Over the last ten years, the price of real property in most cities has more than tripled, especially in metropolitan areas. In an effort to curb this, the government has instituted a number of property-market controls, including property tax pilot programs in Shanghai and Chongqing. While this is the latest of a number of fiscal reforms, it is a very important one that carries with it the ability to change the landscape of public finance, intergovernmental relations, and local governance in China. It represents a fundamental change in the provision of public services, the relationship between local governments and tax payers, and the status of localities in the government structure. Taking a public choice perspective, the authors argue that the local property tax should be used not solely as a means of controlling housing prices but should be fully employed as a fiscal and budgetary institution that will contribute to mitigating multifarious socio-economic problems resulting from economic growth, rapid urbanization, and widening income disparity. As this program is the first of its kind, so this book is the first detailed study of property tax in China; as such, it will appeal to researchers of public finance and public policy. It will also be of great interest to policymakers in China and in other countries that are considering adopting or reforming their versions of the local property tax. It fills the gap in a growing body of literature about the inner workings of Chinese economics and policy.

Mathematical Proofs: A Transition to Advanced Mathematics, Third Edition, prepares students for the more abstract mathematics courses that follow calculus. Appropriate for self-study or for use in the classroom, this text introduces students to proof techniques, analyzing proofs, and writing proofs of their own. Written in a clear, conversational style, this book provides a solid introduction to such topics as relations, functions, and cardinalities of sets, as well as the theoretical aspects of fields such as number theory, abstract algebra, and group theory. It is also a great reference text that students can look back to when writing or reading proofs in their more advanced courses.

The extended and revised second edition of this successful monograph presents advanced modeling, analysis and control techniques of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS). The book covers comprehensively a range of power-system control problems: from steady-state voltage and power flow control, to voltage and reactive power control, to voltage stability control, to small signal stability control using FACTS controllers.

In the six years since the first edition of the book has been published research on the FACTS has continued to flourish while renewable energy has developed into a mature and booming global green business. The second edition reflects the new developments in converter configuration, smart grid technologies, super power grid developments worldwide, new approaches for FACTS control design, new controllers for distribution system control, and power electronic controllers in wind generation operation and control. The latest trends of VSC-HVDC with multilevel architecture have been included and four completely new chapters have been added devoted to Multi-Agent Systems for Coordinated Control of FACTS-devices, Power System Stability Control using FACTS with Multiple Operating Points, Control of a Looping Device in a Distribution System, and Power Electronic Control for Wind Generation.

"

Graphs & Digraphs, Seventh Edition masterfully employs student-friendly exposition, clear proofs, abundant examples, and numerous exercises to provide an essential understanding of the concepts, theorems, history, and applications of graph theory. This classic text, widely popular among students and instructors alike for decades, is thoroughly streamlined in this new, seventh edition, to present a text consistent with contemporary expectations.

Changes and updates to this edition include:

A rewrite of four chapters from the ground up

Streamlining by over a third for efficient, comprehensive coverage of graph theory

Flexible structure with foundational Chapters 1–6 and customizable topics in Chapters 7–11

Incorporation of the latest developments in fundamental graph theory

Statements of recent groundbreaking discoveries, even if proofs are beyond scope

Completely reorganized chapters on traversability, connectivity, coloring, and extremal graph theory to reflect recent developments

The text remains the consummate choice for an advanced undergraduate level or introductory graduate-level course exploring the subject’s fascinating history, while covering a host of interesting problems and diverse applications. Our major objective is to introduce and treat graph theory as the beautiful area of mathematics we have always found it to be. We have striven to produce a reader-friendly, carefully written book that emphasizes the mathematical theory of graphs, in all their forms. While a certain amount of mathematical maturity, including a solid understanding of proof, is required to appreciate the material, with a small number of exceptions this is the only pre-requisite.

In addition, owing to the exhilarating pace of progress in the field, there have been countless developments in fundamental graph theory ever since the previous edition, and many of these discoveries have been incorporated into the book. Of course, some of the proofs of these results are beyond the scope of the book, in which cases we have only included their statements. In other cases, however, these new results have led us to completely reorganize our presentation. Two examples are the chapters on coloring and extremal graph theory.

Table of Contents

1 Graphs

1.1 Fundamentals

1.2 Isomorphism

1.3 Families of graphs

1.4 Operations on graphs

1.5 Degree sequences

1.6 Path and cycles

1.7 Connected graphs and distance

1.8 Trees and forests

1.9 Multigraphs and pseudographs

2 Digraphs

2.1 Fundamentals

2.2 Strongly connected digraphs

2.3 Tournaments

2.4 Score sequences

3 Traversability

3.1 Eulerian graphs and digraphs

3.2 Hamiltonian graphs

3.3 Hamiltonian digraphs

3.4 Highly hamiltonian graphs

3.5 Graph powers

4 Connectivity

4.1 Cut-vertices, bridges, and blocks

4.2 Vertex connectivity

4.3 Edge-connectivity

4.4 Menger's theorem

5 Planarity

5.1 Euler's formula

5.2 Characterizations of planarity

5.3 Hamiltonian planar graphs

5.4 The crossing number of a graph

6 Coloring

6.1 Vertex coloring

6.2 Edge coloring

6.3 Critical and perfect graphs

6.4 Maps and planar graphs

7 Flows

7.1 Networks

7.2 Max-flow min-cut theorem

7.3 Menger's theorems for digraphs

7.4 A connection to coloring

8 Factors and covers

8.1 Matchings and 1-factors

8.2 Independence and covers

8.3 Domination

8.4 Factorizations and decompositions

8.5 Labelings of graphs

9 Extremal graph theory

9.1 Avoiding a complete graph

9.2 Containing cycles and trees

9.3 Ramsey theory

9.4 Cages and Moore graphs

10 Embeddings

10.1 The genus of a graph

10.2 2-Cell embeddings of graphs

10.3 The maximum genus of a graph

10.4 The graph minor theorem

11 Graphs and algebra

11.1 Graphs and matrices

11.2 The automorphism group

11.3 Cayley color graphs

11.4 The reconstruction problem

Now streamlined from previous editions, a new author team brings in a fresh look to this classic textbook and at how graph theory courses have evolved. When the first edition of this precursor text was published, there were few undergraduate courses offered. The text assisted in the establishment of the undergraduate course, while also offering enough coverage for a graduate course. Graph theory is not a seminal course in all combinatorics programs taught in universities and colleges throughout the world. This text has remained among the top three best-sellers. The book is famous for the quality of the writing and presentation. We have two best-sellers for his course, including Gross, etal.'s Graph Theory and Its Applications. This one-two punch in this course means we can go against any and all texts and compete successfully.

Auditing has become an essential component in market societies and the need for auditing skills has risen in line with globalization. This textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the role of financial statement auditing in contemporary society, including the auditor's role in evaluating the financial reporting of an auditee-a topic of central concern in the recent comprehensive review of the auditing profession in the Brydon Report (2019). The experienced authors provide insight into auditing research to help readers understand its function, regulation, and role in theory and practice. With focus on private sector financial statement auditing and its regulation, the book includes perspectives on social theory, history, and the importance of professional standards. The thought-provoking final chapter challenges students to consider the effectiveness of auditing in evaluating increasingly risky and complex accounting estimates involving assumptions about future events. A fundamental approach to auditing theory, this textbook will be useful reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students across business and accounting fields.

Auditing has become an essential component in market societies and the need for auditing skills has risen in line with globalization. This textbook provides a comprehensive overview of the role of financial statement auditing in contemporary society, including the auditor's role in evaluating the financial reporting of an auditee-a topic of central concern in the recent comprehensive review of the auditing profession in the Brydon Report (2019). The experienced authors provide insight into auditing research to help readers understand its function, regulation, and role in theory and practice. With focus on private sector financial statement auditing and its regulation, the book includes perspectives on social theory, history, and the importance of professional standards. The thought-provoking final chapter challenges students to consider the effectiveness of auditing in evaluating increasingly risky and complex accounting estimates involving assumptions about future events. A fundamental approach to auditing theory, this textbook will be useful reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students across business and accounting fields.

With Chromatic Graph Theory, Second Edition, the authors present various fundamentals of graph theory that lie outside of graph colorings, including basic terminology and results, trees and connectivity, Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs, matchings and factorizations, and graph embeddings. Readers will see that the authors accomplished the primary goal of this textbook, which is to introduce graph theory with a coloring theme and to look at graph colorings in various ways. The textbook also covers vertex colorings and bounds for the chromatic number, vertex colorings of graphs embedded on surfaces, and a variety of restricted vertex colorings. The authors also describe edge colorings, monochromatic and rainbow edge colorings, complete vertex colorings, several distinguishing vertex and edge colorings. Features of the Second Edition: The book can be used for a first course in graph theory as well as a graduate course The primary topic in the book is graph coloring The book begins with an introduction to graph theory so assumes no previous course The authors are the most widely-published team on graph theory Many new examples and exercises enhance the new edition

Heterogeneous Computing with OpenCL 2.0 teaches OpenCL and parallel programming for complex systems that may include a variety of device architectures: multi-core CPUs, GPUs, and fully-integrated Accelerated Processing Units (APUs). This fully-revised edition includes the latest enhancements in OpenCL 2.0 including: * Shared virtual memory to increase programming flexibility and reduce data transfers that consume resources * Dynamic parallelism which reduces processor load and avoids bottlenecks * Improved imaging support and integration with OpenGL Designed to work on multiple platforms, OpenCL will help you more effectively program for a heterogeneous future. Written by leaders in the parallel computing and OpenCL communities, this book explores memory spaces, optimization techniques, extensions, debugging and profiling. Multiple case studies and examples illustrate high-performance algorithms, distributing work across heterogeneous systems, embedded domain-specific languages, and will give you hands-on OpenCL experience to address a range of fundamental parallel algorithms.

"Human-Computer Interaction and Management Information Systems: Foundations" offers state-of-the-art research by a distinguished set of authors who span the MIS and HCI fields. The original chapters provide authoritative commentaries and in-depth descriptions of research programs that will guide 21st century scholars, graduate students, and industry professionals. Human-Computer Interaction (or Human Factors) in MIS is concerned with the ways humans interact with information, technologies, and tasks, especially in business, managerial, organizational, and cultural contexts. It is distinctive in many ways when compared with HCI studies in other disciplines. The MIS perspective affords special importance to managerial and organizational contexts by focusing on analysis of tasks and outcomes at a level that considers organizational effectiveness. With the recent advancement of technologies and development of many sophisticated applications, human-centeredness in MIS has become more critical than ever before. This book focuses on the basics of HCI, with emphasis on concepts, issues, theories, and models that are related to understanding human tasks, and the interactions among humans, tasks, information, and technologies in organizational contexts in general.

"Human-Computer Interaction and Management Information Systems: Foundations" offers state-of-the-art research by a distinguished set of authors who span the MIS and HCI fields. The original chapters provide authoritative commentaries and in-depth descriptions of research programs that will guide 21st century scholars, graduate students, and industry professionals. Human-Computer Interaction (or Human Factors) in MIS is concerned with the ways humans interact with information, technologies, and tasks, especially in business, managerial, organizational, and cultural contexts. It is distinctive in many ways when compared with HCI studies in other disciplines. The MIS perspective affords special importance to managerial and organizational contexts by focusing on analysis of tasks and outcomes at a level that considers organizational effectiveness. With the recent advancement of technologies and development of many sophisticated applications, human-centeredness in MIS has become more critical than ever before. This book focuses on the basics of HCI, with emphasis on concepts, issues, theories, and models that are related to understanding human tasks, and the interactions among humans, tasks, information, and technologies in organizational contexts in general.

The book focuses on fractal control and applications in various fields. Fractal phenomena occur in nonlinear models, and since the behaviors depicted by fractals need to be controlled in practical applications, an understanding of fractal control is necessary. This book introduces readers to Julia set fractals and Mandelbrot set fractals in a range of models, such as physical systems, biological systems and SIRS models, and discusses controllers designed to control these fractals. Further, it demonstrates how the fractal dimension can be calculated in order to describe the complexity of various systems.Offering a comprehensive and systematic overview of the practical issues in fractal control, this book is a valuable resource for readers interested in practical solutions in fractal control. It will also appeal to researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of fractal control and applications, as well as chaos control and applications.

With Chromatic Graph Theory, Second Edition, the authors present various fundamentals of graph theory that lie outside of graph colorings, including basic terminology and results, trees and connectivity, Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs, matchings and factorizations, and graph embeddings. Readers will see that the authors accomplished the primary goal of this textbook, which is to introduce graph theory with a coloring theme and to look at graph colorings in various ways. The textbook also covers vertex colorings and bounds for the chromatic number, vertex colorings of graphs embedded on surfaces, and a variety of restricted vertex colorings. The authors also describe edge colorings, monochromatic and rainbow edge colorings, complete vertex colorings, several distinguishing vertex and edge colorings. Features of the Second Edition: The book can be used for a first course in graph theory as well as a graduate course The primary topic in the book is graph coloring The book begins with an introduction to graph theory so assumes no previous course The authors are the most widely-published team on graph theory Many new examples and exercises enhance the new edition

This SpringerBrief presents research results on QoE management schemes for mobile services, including user services, and resource allocation. Along with a review of the research literature, it offers a data-driven architecture for personalized QoE management in wireless networks. The primary focus is on introducing efficient personalized character extraction mechanisms, e.g., context-aware Bayesian graph model, and cooperative QoE management mechanisms. Moreover, in order to demonstrate in the effectiveness of the QoE model, a QoE measurement platform is described and its collected data examined. The brief concludes with a discussion of future research directions. The example mechanisms and the data-driven architecture provide useful insights into the designs of QoE management, and motivate a new line of thinking for users' satisfaction in future wireless networks.

This monograph offers a detailed analysis of the creation, pilot implementation, and possible wide adoption of the real property tax at the local level in China. Starting in 2003, as China's economy gradually recovered from the Asian financial crisis that started in 1998, the real property market entered a period of rapid expansion, followed immediately by rampant speculation, rising housing costs, and official corruption. Over the last ten years, the price of real property in most cities has more than tripled, especially in metropolitan areas. In an effort to curb this, the government has instituted a number of property-market controls, including property tax pilot programs in Shanghai and Chongqing. While this is the latest of a number of fiscal reforms, it is a very important one that carries with it the ability to change the landscape of public finance, intergovernmental relations, and local governance in China. It represents a fundamental change in the provision of public services, the relationship between local governments and tax payers, and the status of localities in the government structure. Taking a public choice perspective, the authors argue that the local property tax should be used not solely as a means of controlling housing prices but should be fully employed as a fiscal and budgetary institution that will contribute to mitigating multifarious socio-economic problems resulting from economic growth, rapid urbanization, and widening income disparity. As this program is the first of its kind, so this book is the first detailed study of property tax in China; as such, it will appeal to researchers of public finance and public policy. It will also be of great interest to policymakers in China and in other countries that are considering adopting or reforming their versions of the local property tax. It fills the gap in a growing body of literature about the inner workings of Chinese economics and policy.

This brief examines the current research in cognitive wireless networks (CWNs). Along with a review of challenges in CWNs, this brief presents novel theoretical studies and architecture models for CWNs, advances in the cognitive information awareness and delivery, and intelligent resource management technologies. The brief presents the motivations and concepts of CWNs, including theoretical studies of temporal and geographic distribution entropy as well as cognitive information metrics. A new architecture model of CWNs is proposed with theoretical, functional and deployment architectures supporting cognitive information flow and resource flow. Key technologies are identified to achieve the efficient cognitive information awareness and delivery. The brief concludes by validating the effectiveness of proposed theories and technologies using the CWNs testbed and discussing the importance of standardization practices. The context and analysis provided by this text are ideal for researchers and practitioners interested in wireless networks and cognitive information. Cognitive Wireless Networks is also valuable for advanced-level students studying resource management and networking.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed papers of the Third National Conference of Social Media Processing, SMP 2014, held in Beijing, China, in November 2014. The 14 revised full papers and 9 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 101 submissions. The papers focus on the following topics: mining social media and applications; natural language processing; data mining; information retrieval; emergent social media processing problems.

The extended and revised second edition of this successful monograph presents advanced modeling, analysis and control techniques of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS). The book covers comprehensively a range of power-system control problems: from steady-state voltage and power flow control, to voltage and reactive power control, to voltage stability control, to small signal stability control using FACTS controllers.

In the six years since the first edition of the book has been published research on the FACTS has continued to flourish while renewable energy has developed into a mature and booming global green business. The second edition reflects the new developments in converter configuration, smart grid technologies, super power grid developments worldwide, new approaches for FACTS control design, new controllers for distribution system control, and power electronic controllers in wind generation operation and control. The latest trends of VSC-HVDC with multilevel architecture have been included and four completely new chapters have been added devoted to Multi-Agent Systems for Coordinated Control of FACTS-devices, Power System Stability Control using FACTS with Multiple Operating Points, Control of a Looping Device in a Distribution System, and Power Electronic Control for Wind Generation.

"

Covering Walks in Graphs is aimed at researchers and graduate students in the graph theory community and provides a comprehensive treatment on measures of two well studied graphical properties, namely Hamiltonicity and traversability in graphs. This text looks into the famous K nigsberg Bridge Problem, the Chinese Postman Problem, the Icosian Game and the Traveling Salesman Problem as well as well-known mathematicians who were involved in these problems. The concepts of different spanning walks with examples and present classical results on Hamiltonian numbers and upper Hamiltonian numbers of graphs are described; in some cases, the authors provide proofs of these results to illustrate the beauty and complexity of this area of research. Two new concepts of traceable numbers of graphs and traceable numbers of vertices of a graph which were inspired by and closely related to Hamiltonian numbers are introduced. Results are illustrated on these two concepts and the relationship between traceable concepts and Hamiltonian concepts are examined. Describes several variations of traceable numbers, which provide new frame works for several well-known Hamiltonian concepts and produce interesting new results.

Driven by the increasing demand for capacity and Quality of Service in wireless cellular networks and motivated by the distributed antenna system, the authors proposed a cooperative communication architecture-Group Cell architecture, which was initially brought forward in 2001. Years later, Coordinated Multiple-Point Transmission and Reception (CoMP) for LTE-Advanced was put forward in April 2008, as a tool to improve the coverage of cells having high data rates, the cell-edge throughput and/or to increase system throughput. This book mainly focuses on the Group Cell architecture with multi-cell generalized coordination, Contrast Analysis between Group Cell architecture and CoMP, Capacity Analysis, Slide Handover Strategy, Power Allocation schemes of Group Cell architecture to mitigate the inter-cell interference and maximize system capacity and the trial network implementation and performance evaluations of Group Cell architecture.

The electric power industry is undergoing the most profound technical, economic and organisational changes since its inception some one hundred years ago. This paradigm change is the result of the liberalisation process, stipulated by politics andfollowedupbyindustry. Formanyyearstheelectricpowerindustrywasch- acterized by a vertically integrated structure, consisting of power generation, transmission/distributionandtrading. Theliberalisationprocesshasresultedinthe unbundlingofthisorganizationalstructure. Nowgenerationandtradingareorg- ised in separate business entities, subject to competition, while the transm- sion/distribution business remains a natural monopoly. Since the trading of el- tric energy happens on two levels, the physical level and the contractual level, it has to be recognized that these two levels are completely different. However for understanding the electricity market as a network based industry both levels have to be considered and understood. The fundamental properties of electric energy areasfollows: * Electricityalwaysneedsanetworkfortransportationanddistribution. * Electricitycannot be storedin asubstantialamount, hence production andc- sumptionhavetobematchedateachinstantoftime. * The physical transport of electricity has nothing to do with the contracts for tradingwithelectricity The role of the electric network is of prime importance within the electric energy business. Its operation is governed by physical laws. The electric network has a fixed structure consisting of different voltage levels; the higher levels are for transmission purposeswhereasthe lower levelsareused for the distributiontasks. Eachnetworkelementhasafinitecapacity,limitingtheamountofelectricitytobe transported or distributed. As a consequence of the liberalisation process the - eration of the networks has beenpushedcloser towardsitstechnicallimits. Hence thestressonthesystemisconsiderablybiggerthaninthepast. Theefficientuseof all network elements is of prime interest to the network operator because the cost constraints have also become much tighter than in the past.

The International Conference on Intelligent Computing (ICIC) was set up as an annual forum dedicated to emerging and challenging topics in the various aspects of advances in computational intelligence fields, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, bioinformatics, and computational biology, etc. The goal of this conference was to bring together researchers from academia and industry as well as practitioners to share ideas, problems and solutions related to the multifaceted aspects of intelligent computing. This book constitutes the proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Computing (ICIC 2005), held in Hefei, Anhui, China, during August 23 26, 2005. ICIC 2005 received over 2000 submissions from authors in 39 countries and regions. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the Program Committee selected 563 high-quality papers for presentation at ICIC 2005; of these, 215 papers were published in this book organized into 9 categories, and the other 348 papers were published in five international journals. The organizers of ICIC 2005 made great efforts to ensure the success of this conference. We here thank the members of the ICIC 2005 Advisory Committee for their guidance and advice, the members of the Program Committee and the referees for reviewing the papers, and the members of the Publication Committee for checking and compiling the papers. We would also like to thank the publisher, Springer, for their support in publishing the proceedings in the Lecture Notes in Computer Science series. Particularly, we would like to thank all the authors for contributing their papers."