Describes the contribution of soft computing techniques towards a new paradigm shift Explores Soft Computing techniques in a systematic manner starting from their initial stage to recent developments in this area Presents a systematic application of fuzzy logic in mathematical sciences and decision-making. Examines the application of soft computing in health sciences and in the modeling of epidemics including the effects of vaccination Discusses the application of soft computing techniques in the modeling of infectious diseases

It is an indisputable argument that the formulation of metrics (by Frechet in the early 1900s) opened a new subject in mathematics called non-linear analysis after the appearance of Banach's fixed point theorem. Because the underlying space of this theorem is a metric space, the theory that developed following its publication is known as metric fixed point theory. It is well known that metric fixed point theory provides essential tools for solving problems arising in various branches of mathematics and other sciences such as split feasibility problems, variational inequality problems, non-linear optimization problems, equilibrium problems, selection and matching problems, and problems of proving the existence of solutions of integral and differential equations are closely related to fixed point theory. For this reason, many people over the past seventy years have tried to generalize the definition of metric space and corresponding fixed point theory. This trend still continues. A few questions lying at the heart of the theory remain open and there are many unanswered questions regarding the limits to which the theory may be extended. Metric Structures and Fixed Point Theory provides an extensive understanding and the latest updates on the subject. The book not only shows diversified aspects of popular generalizations of metric spaces such as symmetric, b-metric, w-distance, G-metric, modular metric, probabilistic metric, fuzzy metric, graphical metric and corresponding fixed point theory but also motivates work on existing open problems on the subject. Each of the nine chapters-contributed by various authors-contains an Introduction section which summarizes the material needed to read the chapter independently of the others and contains the necessary background, several examples, and comprehensive literature to comprehend the concepts presented therein. This is helpful for those who want to pursue their research career in metric fixed point theory and its related areas. Features Explores the latest research and developments in fixed point theory on the most popular generalizations of metric spaces Description of various generalizations of metric spaces Very new topics on fixed point theory in graphical and modular metric spaces Enriched with examples and open problems This book serves as a reference for scientific investigators who need to analyze a simple and direct presentation of the fundamentals of the theory of metric fixed points. It may also be used as a text book for postgraduate and research students who are trying to derive future research scope in this area.

This book focusing on Metric fixed point theory is designed to provide an extensive understanding of the topic with the latest updates. It provides a good source of references, open questions and new approaches. While the book is principally addressed to graduate students, it is also intended to be useful to mathematicians, both pure and applied.