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Advancements of genomics, nanotechnology and biochemistry bring
about new opportunities and challenges for drug discovery and
development. Recent developments in nanotechnology have made it
possible to obtain a new class of highly fluorescent homogeneous
semiconductor nanocrystals termed "quantum dots''(QDs). Since 1998,
quantum dots have been first demonstrated capable of labeling
specific components of cells and tracing proteins within cells in
biomedicine. Recently, the investigations of quantum dots in the
biomedicine have developed rapidly. Quantum dots are very stable
light emitters, and their emission can be broadly tuned through
size variation. So they can offer significant advantages over
organic fluorophores. In the past few years, it was reported that,
as an alternative to organic fluorophores, bioconjugating quantum
dots are used widely in diverse areas: cell labeling, cell
tracking, in vivo imaging, DNA detection, biomacromolecules
labeled, signal transduction and multiplexed beads encoded."
Typically in the pharmaceutical industry, drug products exist in
two dosage forms, solid and liquid dosage forms. Included in solid
dosage forms are tablets, pellets, pills, beads, spherules, etc.
These solid dosage forms are often coated for various reasons, such
as odor or taste masking, prevention from moisture, light and/or
air, protection from destruction by gastric acid or gastric
enzymes, enhanced mechanical strength, aesthetics or controlled
release including controlling release sites and/or release rate.
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