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Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
Geography of Claudius Ptolemy, originally titled Geographia and
written in the second century, is a depiction of the geography of
the Roman Empire at the time. Though inaccurate due to Ptolemy's
varying methods of measurement and use of outdated data, Geography
of Claudius Ptolemy is nonetheless an excellent example of ancient
geographical study and scientific method. This edition contains
more than 40 maps and illustrations, reproduced based on Ptolemy's
original manuscript. It remains a fascinating read for students of
scientific history and Greek influence.CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY (A.D. 90-
A.D. 168) was a poet, mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and
geographer who wrote in Greek, though he was a Roman citizen. He is
most well-known for three scientific treatises he wrote on
astronomy, astrology, and geography, respectively titled Almagest,
Apotelesmatika, and Geographia. His work influenced early Islamic
and European studies, which in turn influenced much of the modern
world. Ptolemy died in Alexandria as a member of Greek society.
Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not
used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad
quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are
images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to
keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the
original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain
imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made
available for future generations to enjoy.
First published in 1999, this volume examines Sir John Soane
(1753-1837) who was one of Britain's most inventive architects. His
achievements include the Bank of England and the world's first
picture gallery at Dulwich, buildings of international importance.
His country estate work, inspired by classical antiquity, ranges in
scale from the remodelling of existing country houses, such as
Wimpole Hall in Cambridgeshire and Aynhoe Park in Northamptonshire,
to simple outbuildings. Here we see the emergence of the key themes
of his style and the results of his precise attention to
proportion, design detail, and light and shade. These are among
Soane's finest works. Making full use of the Soane Museum and
country house archives, Ptolemy Dean here examines ten country
house projects, reconstructing the creative transactions between
client and architect, architect and skilled craftsman. It is
impossible to understand Soane's intentions without the drawings,
sketches and letters which enable us to trace the process of
design. With the author's own drawings in watercolour to illustrate
Soane's use of light and space, and beautiful photographs by Martin
Charles, Sir John Soane and the Country Estate offers an
enthralling insight into the work of a great architect. An
illustrated inventory, the first fully researched guide to Soane's
country house practice, details an architectural legacy that has
rarely been matched.
Reports of the surveyors of Westminster Abbey in the twentieth
century provide a wealth of information on this most important
building. The annual reports of the Surveyors of the Fabric in the
twentieth century give much detailed information about the
maintenance and major restoration of Westminster Abbey and its
contents. The Surveyors, William Lethaby, Walter Tapper, Charles
Peers and Stephen Dykes Bower, had to deal with many problems and
challenges between 1906 and 1973. Not least of these were two World
Wars and the most extensive programme of cleaning and re-decoration
since the timeof Sir Christopher Wren. Lethaby brought to light
original decoration on medieval tombs, lost to sight for centuries
under grime and shellac used by his predecessor Gilbert Scott;
Tapper had to carry out emergency restoration tothe fan vault of
Henry VII's chapel after a stone crashed to the floor; Peers was
required to deal with the evacuation of hundreds of treasures
during the 1939-45 war and with repairs to bomb damaged areas after
it. Dykes Bower, meanwhile, was the most controversial of the
Surveyors of this period. His replacement of medieval roof timbers
drew criticism, although these were riddled with decay and death
watch beetle. The nave could have looked vastly different if his
design for a Cosmati work floor had gone ahead. But the Abbey
interior would not look as it does today without his massive
contribution to the cleaning of the brown stonework and
re-decoration of the dirty and damaged Tudor and Jacobean
monuments. The Abbey's current Surveyor, Ptolemy Dean, outlines the
legacies of the work of these Surveyors of the modern age in his
introduction; Christine Reynolds, the Abbey's Assistant Keeper of
the Muniments, adds valuable notes from other sources within the
archives to supplement the fascinating accounts of work carried out
in the most historically significant church in England.
Best known for his 1906 discovery of lost texts in the Archimedes
Palimpsest, Danish scholar Johan Ludvig Heiberg (1854 1928),
professor of classical philology at Copenhagen, published numerous
editions of ancient mathematicians, including Archimedes and
Apollonius of Perga (also reissued in this series). Between 1898
and 1907, he published in three parts the extant astronomical works
of Ptolemy, active in second-century Alexandria. The Ptolemaic
system, his geocentric model of the universe, prevailed in the
Islamic world and in medieval Europe until the time of Copernicus.
This second part of Volume 1, published in 1903, contains a brief
Latin preface and the Greek text of Books 7-13 of Ptolemy's major
astronomical treatise, known as the Almagest. It demonstrates how
to use astronomical observations to construct cosmological models
and includes tables that make it possible for celestial phenomena
to be calculated for arbitrary dates."
Best known for his 1906 discovery of lost texts in the Archimedes
Palimpsest, Danish scholar Johan Ludvig Heiberg (1854 1928),
professor of classical philology at Copenhagen, published numerous
editions of ancient mathematicians, including Archimedes and
Apollonius of Perga (also reissued in this series). Between 1898
and 1907, he published in three parts the extant astronomical works
of Ptolemy, active in second-century Alexandria. The Ptolemaic
system, his geocentric model of the universe, prevailed in the
Islamic world and in medieval Europe until the time of Copernicus.
Volume 2, published in 1907, contains a brief preface and a
substantial prolegomena in Latin, followed by the Greek text of
Ptolemy's shorter astronomical works, including Phaeis aplanon
asteron, a treatise on the phenomena of the fixed stars, and
Hypotheseis ton planomenon, his planetary hypotheses representing
the most influential statement of his geocentric model, provided
here with a facing-page translation into German."
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